Cyprus tourism is facing a major setback as the ongoing Middle East crisis leads to widespread cancellations, flight delays, and growing uncertainty among travelers.

Thailand welcomes over 7 million tourists in 2026, but Middle East conflicts cut European and long-haul arrivals.

Travel costs for private charters have surged to Rs 50-70 lakh as Iran-Israel tensions cause airspace closures, longer routes, and higher insurance premiums.

Middle East conflict disrupts global travel, causing a 25% drop in traveller arrivals. Learn how key transit hubs are affected.

Thailand's tourism faces a loss of 40.9 billion baht as the Middle East airspace closure disrupts European and Middle Eastern arrivals. Here's what you need to know.

Emirates, Qatar Airways, and Etihad Airways—three of the most prominent names in global aviation—are facing major disruptions as the ongoing Middle East conflict intensifies,

Hong Kong rules out charter flights for residents stranded in the Middle East, opting for commercial airline collaborations to ensure safe returns amid the crisis.

Mexico joins United Kingdom, United States, France, Italy, South Korea, Japan, and more nations in evacuating its nationals with charter flights from the Middle East as the Iran–Israel conflict may escalate from now on: everything you need to know. As tensions across the region intensify and governments warn that the Iran–Israel conflict may escalate further, countries are moving quickly to protect their citizens abroad. In response to growing security concerns, Mexico has joined the United Kingdom, United States, France, Italy, South Korea, Japan, and more nations in organizing evacuation operations using charter flights and coordinated transit routes from key Middle Eastern hubs. Diplomatic missions have been assisting nationals with registration, documentation, and transportation to departure airports, while special flights are being arranged to move citizens safely out of the region. The evacuations reflect a broader international effort to reduce risk for travelers and residents as the security situation remains unpredictable. By launching charter flights and emergency travel plans, these governments aim to ensure their citizens can return home safely while monitoring how the Iran–Israel conflict develops in the coming days.

Mexico: Coordinated Commercial and Charter Evacuations

Mexico carried out a smaller but well-coordinated evacuation program to assist its citizens in leaving the region. Mexican diplomatic missions worked with commercial airlines and charter partners to arrange flights for nationals stranded across the Middle East. Many evacuees traveled through transit hubs such as Egypt before continuing their journeys back to Mexico. Embassy teams provided assistance with documentation, travel coordination, and airport transfers. Although limited in scale compared to some larger operations, the program ensured that Mexican citizens were able to return home safely despite widespread disruptions to regional air travel.

United Kingdom: Charter Flights from the UAE for British Nationals

The United Kingdom has launched government-supported charter flights from the UAE to evacuate British nationals affected by regional travel disruptions. According to the latest update issued on 8 March 2026, authorities have opened a dedicated booking portal for British citizens in Dubai who wish to access UK government-provided evacuation flights. The program is designed to move citizens safely out of the region while commercial aviation remains unstable. Priority is being given to vulnerable individuals, including elderly travelers, families with children, and those with medical needs. Consular teams are contacting registered citizens directly to arrange seats on these charter flights. The UK government also advised citizens not to travel to Dubai Airport unless they have confirmed seats, emphasizing that the safety of British nationals remains its top priority.

United States: Large-Scale Charter and Military Airlift Operation

The United States has launched one of the largest evacuation operations, combining chartered aircraft and military transport flights to repatriate American citizens from the Middle East. After issuing a travel advisory urging citizens to depart immediately, the U.S. government arranged evacuation flights from hubs such as Jeddah and Kuwait City. Contracted charter airlines handled many flights, while military aircraft were used to supplement capacity when necessary. By early March, tens of thousands of Americans had already returned home through these coordinated efforts. Consular teams helped register citizens, provide travel guidance, and coordinate transportation to departure hubs before boarding charter flights.

France: Military-Supported Evacuation Flights

France has deployed a combination of military aircraft and chartered flights to evacuate its citizens from the region. French nationals were first moved to safer transit hubs such as Oman and Egypt, where evacuation aircraft could operate more reliably. The French military supported the operation by deploying A400M transport aircraft, sometimes escorted by Rafale fighter jets to secure the airspace. Once assembled at transit hubs, evacuees boarded flights bound for Paris. The operation demonstrated strong coordination between French diplomatic missions, military units, and aviation authorities during the crisis.

Italy: Charter Evacuations Through Muscat Hub

Italy organized a large evacuation program using Muscat, Oman, as its primary transit hub. Italian citizens stranded in Gulf cities such as Dubai and Riyadh were first transported by land or short charter flights to Muscat. From there, larger chartered aircraft transported evacuees directly to Rome’s Fiumicino Airport. This hub-and-spoke evacuation model allowed Italy to consolidate travelers from multiple locations before flying them home efficiently. Through this strategy, thousands of Italian nationals were safely repatriated while embassy teams provided logistical and medical assistance during the process.

South Korea: Partnered Charter Flights for Citizen Evacuation

South Korea has begun evacuating its citizens using chartered flights arranged with airline partners operating in the Gulf region. Korean nationals stranded across several Middle Eastern cities were instructed to register with their embassies before being assigned seats on evacuation flights. The government coordinated closely with regional aviation authorities and airline partners to ensure safe routes for these flights despite the ongoing airspace disruptions. Embassy officials also assisted citizens with documentation, travel arrangements, and transportation to airports where evacuation flights were departing. This approach allowed South Korea to move its citizens out of the region quickly while minimizing risk during the volatile aviation situation.

Japan: Prepared Evacuation Flights and Military Backup

Japan prepared an evacuation plan combining charter flights and military readiness to ensure its citizens could leave the region safely. Japanese authorities coordinated with airlines to organize evacuation flights from regional hubs while placing Self-Defense Force transport aircraft on standby as a contingency option. Diplomatic teams worked with citizens to arrange travel documentation and transportation to airports where flights were available. This dual approach ensured Japan could quickly scale its evacuation operation if regional conditions deteriorated further.

Additional Countries Conducting Charter Evacuations from the Middle East

• Ireland: Ireland organized government-chartered evacuation flights from Muscat, Oman, prioritizing vulnerable citizens such as elderly passengers and those with medical needs. Registered travelers were contacted by embassy officials and transported to Muscat for departure. The first flight departed on 7 March, stopping in Cairo before reaching Dublin, while diplomatic teams helped with documentation and logistics.
• Uzbekistan: Uzbekistan launched a phased evacuation program using chartered aircraft to repatriate thousands of citizens. By early March, more than 9,000 Uzbek nationals had returned home through dozens of special flights. Most evacuees departed from Jeddah, Medina, and Dubai, where embassy teams coordinated airport transfers and registration for the evacuation flights.
• Slovakia: Slovakia conducted evacuation flights through Amman, Jordan, which served as a regional extraction hub. Citizens traveled from Gulf states to Jordan by land before boarding charter flights to Bratislava. Slovak diplomatic teams assisted travelers with border crossings, documentation, and transportation to departure airports.
• Bulgaria: Bulgaria also relied on Amman as its primary evacuation hub. Bulgarian nationals leaving the Gulf region were transported by land to Jordan, where charter flights carried them back to Sofia. Embassy officials worked closely with local authorities to manage border procedures and ensure smooth departures.
• Slovenia: Slovenia arranged police-escorted bus convoys to transport citizens from Dubai to Muscat. From there, evacuees boarded charter aircraft organized by the government to return home. Embassy teams coordinated documentation, transportation, and passenger processing during the evacuation.
• Hungary: Hungary organized dedicated charter flights from Riyadh to evacuate Hungarian nationals. Authorities worked with airport officials and aviation partners to secure departure slots and safe routes. Embassy teams assisted travelers with travel documentation and transfers before boarding the evacuation flights.
• India: India carried out one of the largest evacuation operations, operating dozens of special flights through Air India and IndiGo. Thousands of Indian nationals were repatriated from Middle Eastern cities. Because of restricted airspace, many flights used longer southern routes and required technical fuel stops in Mumbai or Ahmedabad.

Mexico joins United Kingdom, United States, France, Italy, South Korea, Japan and more nations in evacuating its nationals with charter flights from the Middle East as the Iran–Israel conflict may escalate from now on, prompting urgent global evacuation efforts.

Conclusion

Mexico joins United Kingdom, United States, France, Italy, South Korea, Japan, and more nations in evacuating its nationals with charter flights from the Middle East as the Iran–Israel conflict may escalate from now on, highlighting the urgency with which governments are acting to protect their citizens. As security concerns grow and regional tensions continue to rise, countries are organizing coordinated evacuation missions, using charter flights, military transport, and regional transit hubs to move people safely out of the area. These efforts reflect a broader international response to the risk that the Iran–Israel conflict could intensify further, disrupting travel and threatening civilian safety. By launching evacuation flights and advising citizens to depart quickly, Mexico and other nations are attempting to minimize risk while ensuring their nationals can return home safely. This developing situation underscores everything you need to know about how governments are responding as the crisis in the Middle East continues to evolve.

The world watches anxiously as Tehran becomes the center of a potentially catastrophic Middle East conflict. Rising tensions between Iran, the United States, and Israel have created a complex standoff where military strikes, drone operations, and political brinkmanship intersect. The stakes are monumental: Tehran, with its dense population and strategic location along the Persian Gulf, faces unprecedented pressures from external forces seeking to curb its influence. While coalition powers have employed air campaigns and targeted operations, they have been hesitant to deploy ground troops, leaving critical state institutions in a precarious position. Meanwhile, Iranian leadership remains defiant, leveraging its remaining resources in a bid to project strength and deter foreign occupation, despite dwindling capabilities.

For travelers, this turbulent situation underscores the importance of monitoring official advisories and understanding regional dynamics before planning visits near the Persian Gulf. Tourist hotspots such as Isfahan, Shiraz, and the Caspian coastal cities remain alluring for their rich history, but safety remains paramount in times of geopolitical uncertainty.

Historical Grievances and Modern Repercussions

Longstanding hostilities between Iran and the United States continue to shape public perception and policy. Anti-Iranian sentiment remains entrenched across American political and social spheres, fueled by historical events such as the 1979 embassy crisis. Past leaders like Mahmoud Ahmadinejad—once a prominent figure in these hostilities—symbolize the enduring tensions between the nations. The international community watches closely as Tehran’s responses to foreign pressure may trigger a larger regional or even global escalation, further complicating diplomatic efforts.

Tourists with historical interests might explore the rich archives and museum exhibits that showcase Iranian revolutionary history, but should be aware of travel restrictions and areas of high security risk. Understanding these contexts enriches travel experiences while maintaining personal safety.

The Strategic Chessboard of the Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf remains a vital artery for global energy and trade, making any disruption a worldwide concern. Attempts to control or threaten key chokepoints, such as the Strait of Hormuz, could have ripple effects on global markets and regional stability. Iranian forces, though limited compared to coalition powers, continue to possess the capability to launch drone or missile attacks that could provoke further military escalation.

For travelers planning to visit coastal regions along the Gulf, especially in southern Iran, it is advisable to check local advisories, register with embassies, and avoid areas near strategic military installations. Awareness of maritime traffic updates and ferry operations is also crucial for safe navigation in the Gulf.

Diplomacy on Pause: The Role of International Mediation

The present crisis exposes the diminished role of international institutions like the United Nations in mediating such conflicts. With limited diplomatic leverage, global actors watch as Tehran navigates a precarious path between survival and defiance. Regional tensions highlight the fragile balance of power, underscoring the importance of proactive diplomacy in averting large-scale devastation.

Travelers and international visitors should respect local regulations and remain informed about the political environment. Engaging with licensed guides and local experts can provide insights into safe tourism routes while offering meaningful cultural experiences.

The Human Dimension: Urban Survival and Cultural Preservation

As military tensions rise, the immediate humanitarian impact on Tehran’s urban population becomes a pressing concern. Food shortages, infrastructure damage, and disruption of essential services could pose severe risks for residents and visitors alike. Despite these dangers, Tehran remains a city of deep cultural and historical significance, from the grandeur of the Golestan Palace to the intricate beauty of the Grand Bazaar.

Tourists should focus on visiting safer regions and rely on reputable accommodations that follow international safety standards. Urban exploration can still be rewarding if travelers exercise caution, maintain awareness of local security alerts, and respect curfews or restricted zones.

A Traveler’s Perspective on Geopolitical Awareness

While conflict dominates headlines, Iran continues to be a land of striking contrasts. The opportunity to explore ancient Persian architecture, desert landscapes, and cultural heritage sites can be enhanced by understanding the geopolitical context. Travel planners are encouraged to research up-to-date advisories from official government sources and to integrate risk assessment into itineraries.

Travel Tip: Consider visiting culturally rich but less politically sensitive areas like Yazd, Kashan, and Mashhad for immersive experiences, while keeping abreast of global news that could affect mobility.

Reflections on the Global Stakes

The unfolding situation in Tehran is more than a regional issue—it is a mirror reflecting the broader challenges facing international relations, sovereignty, and global security frameworks. The volatile mix of military might, political ideology, and historical grievance suggests that travelers, investors, and policymakers alike must remain vigilant. Iran’s rich heritage, from its bustling bazaars to serene mosques and natural landscapes, offers experiences that are best appreciated with a keen understanding of current realities.

The current tensions could redefine travel priorities in the Middle East, highlighting both the risks and rewards of exploring one of the world’s most historically significant regions. Responsible travel, combined with awareness of security dynamics, ensures that the cultural and historical treasures of Iran are experienced safely and meaningfully.

Dubai has issued an urgent travel advisory for the Middle East in response to the escalating tensions between Iran and Israel, which have led to significant flight disruptions, regional airspace closures, and shifting safety protocols across the region. As the conflict intensifies, international travelers are facing uncertainties, including flight cancellations, hotel policy changes, and heightened security measures, making it essential for tourists to stay informed and prepared before traveling to the UAE. While Dubai remains operational with limited disruptions, understanding the latest advisories is crucial for ensuring a safe and smooth journey to the city.

As tensions continue to rise between Iran and Israel, travel advisories have been issued globally, urging tourists to exercise caution when traveling to the Middle East. Dubai, one of the region’s most popular tourist destinations, has been directly impacted by these developments. However, despite the disruptions, the city is continuing to operate with limited flight services, business continuity, and a commitment to maintaining safety for its residents and tourists.

In this comprehensive article, we will explore the latest travel advisory for Dubai, including the impact on flight services, hotel policies, and general safety protocols for visitors. If you’re planning to travel to Dubai amidst these turbulent times, here’s what you need to know to make informed decisions and ensure a safe journey.

The State of Dubai’s Travel Advisory Amidst the Iran-Israel Conflict

As the ongoing conflict between Iran and Israel intensifies, several countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and India, have issued travel advisories urging their citizens to avoid non-essential travel to the Middle East. The conflict, which escalated following military strikes and retaliatory actions, has led to widespread disruptions across airspace corridors, affecting flights and the safety of travelers.

While neighboring regions like Bahrain and Saudi Arabia have faced significant flight disruptions, Dubai has managed to keep its airports operational, albeit with some constraints. On March 4, 2026, Dr. Saif Jumaa Al-Dhahiri, from the National Emergency Crisis and Disaster Management Authority (NCEMA), assured the public that Dubai continues to function without major disruptions. He emphasized that essential services such as energy, water, telecommunications, transportation, and healthcare are still operating at full capacity.

UAE officials have also activated business continuity plans, ensuring that operational alternatives are ready should any unforeseen disruptions occur. With the early warning system in place, immediate alerts will be issued to inform the public if the situation worsens.

Flight Disruptions and Safety Measures: What Tourists Should Know

Dubai International Airport (DXB) and Al Maktoum International Airport (DWC), the two main gateways into Dubai, have seen a reduced number of flights in recent days due to airspace closures in parts of the Middle East. However, the good news is that Dubai is still accessible to international travelers, with more than 80 destinations still being serviced by airlines operating out of these airports.

Emirates, flydubai, and Etihad Airways, the UAE’s flagship carriers, have resumed a limited number of flights, prioritizing critical routes, repatriations, and travel between the UAE and India, which has been one of the most heavily affected regions.

• Flight Restrictions and Airspace Closures:
  • Airlines operating to and from Dubai are navigating around restricted zones, and while flight cancellations have been frequent, Emirates Airlines and flydubai have launched special flight schedules to maintain connectivity.
  • Airspace over parts of the Middle East, including Iran, Iraq, and Syria, remains closed, leading to significant delays in flights scheduled to pass over these areas. However, Dubai’s airspace remains operational, with restricted but active flight services.
  • Alternative Routes: For travelers whose flights have been canceled, Dubai’s air traffic authorities are working with airlines to reroute flights through alternative airspaces. As a result, passengers may experience longer travel times, but they are still able to reach their destinations.

It’s important for travelers to stay in close contact with their airlines for real-time updates and check the status of flights regularly.

Hotel Policies and Traveler Support During the Disruption

The hotel industry in Dubai has not been immune to the ripple effects of the ongoing conflict. With global flight disruptions and regional safety concerns, many tourists have had to adjust their travel plans or extend their stays in the city. Fortunately, Dubai’s hotel sector has been proactive in offering flexibility to tourists stranded due to flight cancellations.

Accommodation Flexibility:

• Waiver of Cancellation Fees:
  • Several hotels in Dubai are offering flexible cancellation policies, allowing guests to modify their bookings or cancel without penalty if their flights have been delayed or canceled due to the ongoing conflict. Guests should confirm with their accommodation providers before booking to take advantage of these offers.
  • Extended Stays: For travelers who are stranded in Dubai due to disrupted flight schedules, many hotels are providing extended stay options at discounted rates or even offering special meal packages to ensure a comfortable experience until flights resume.

Tourist Assistance:

• The Dubai Tourism Board has also partnered with local hotels to offer assistance to stranded travelers, providing information on alternative flight options and transportation services within the city.
• Many hotels are equipped with emergency provisions, including medical support and transportation to help travelers reach alternative airports or transportation hubs in the UAE.

Visa and Immigration Relief:

Safety Protocols: What to Expect in Dubai

Dubai has been known for its strong safety protocols, and amidst the ongoing conflict, the UAE government has reinforced these measures to ensure the safety of its residents and visitors.

Security Enhancements at Airports:

• Airport authorities in Dubai have heightened security measures to safeguard passengers. This includes increased surveillance, enhanced baggage screening, and airport personnel training to handle emergency situations.
• Travelers can expect more stringent checks at security gates, and in some cases, additional wait times at airport terminals due to the increased safety measures. However, these precautions are essential for ensuring a safe experience in a time of heightened regional tensions.

Public Safety Measures in the City:

• Dubai Police and local authorities have assured the public that the city remains safe for residents and tourists. Increased patrols have been deployed around key tourist attractions, hotels, and transportation hubs.
• Public transportation, including the Dubai Metro, remains operational and continues to provide safe and reliable services across the city.
• Local businesses and tourist attractions are open and functioning normally, although it is recommended that visitors stay informed of any changes or safety advisories issued throughout the day.

Communication with Authorities:

• Dubai has an active early warning system in place. Tourists are advised to sign up for emergency alerts via the UAE government’s official channels to stay updated in case of sudden developments.
• Hotel staff and airline representatives are providing information to tourists about safety precautions and the current political climate in the region.

Impact on Tourism in Dubai and the Middle East

Dubai, traditionally a thriving hub for international tourism, has seen its tourism numbers dip in the wake of the ongoing conflict. The disruption of global flight operations and the broader regional instability have resulted in a decline in tourist arrivals. Additionally, many international events scheduled in the region have been postponed or canceled.

The Decline in Travel to the UAE:

• Despite the challenges, Dubai remains a top destination for global travelers. While the region’s tourism industry has certainly been affected, Dubai’s diverse attractions—from luxury shopping malls and modern architecture to cultural heritage sites—still hold immense appeal.
• Luxury hotels, restaurants, and entertainment venues in Dubai are continuing to operate, albeit with fewer visitors.

The Economic Impact:

• The regional tourism industry as a whole has been significantly impacted by the airspace closures, particularly in neighboring countries like Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Bahrain, where tourism revenues have seen a decline.
• Dubai’s hospitality sector has been actively working on promotional campaigns to encourage visitors from safer regions, and to promote domestic tourism to mitigate the effects of the downturn.

What Tourists Should Do: Practical Tips

For tourists planning to visit Dubai or currently in the city, here are key tips to ensure a smooth and safe travel experience during these uncertain times:

1. Monitor Airline and Hotel Policies: Stay up to date on flight status and hotel booking terms. Be prepared for schedule changes and cancellations.
2. Confirm Travel Insurance: If you’re traveling during the conflict, ensure you have travel insurance that covers disruptions due to political instability or conflict zones.
3. Stay Informed: Regularly check government advisories, airline updates, and hotel policies to ensure you have the most accurate information about your travel plans.
4. Use Alternative Transportation: If flights are delayed or canceled, consider alternative routes to leave the UAE or continue your journey.
5. Stay Safe: Follow safety protocols and avoid non-essential travel to areas experiencing increased risk.

Dubai has issued an urgent travel advisory for the Middle East as the ongoing Iran-Israel conflict causes significant flight disruptions, airspace closures, and heightened safety measures. These challenges have affected travel plans and require tourists to stay informed about the latest updates before visiting the UAE.

Dubai’s urgent travel advisory comes amid escalating tensions in the region due to the ongoing Iran-Israel conflict. While the city continues to operate with limited disruptions, travelers should remain vigilant and plan accordingly. By staying informed about flight schedules, hotel policies, and local safety protocols, visitors can navigate the current challenges and continue to enjoy the best of what Dubai has to offer—while ensuring their safety during uncertain times.

The escalating conflict in the Gulf has drawn global attention, yet Asia’s tourism sector, particularly Thailand, appears resilient amid heightened geopolitical uncertainty. As military tensions involving the United States and Israel against Iran intensify, investors and travelers are carefully observing the potential consequences on travel, hospitality, and markets. While the human cost of these developments is paramount, economic repercussions cannot be ignored. Travel and tourism are highly sensitive to perceived risk, with traveler psychology often shifting faster than the actual situation on the ground. Despite headlines highlighting conflict, Thailand’s long-standing reputation as a stable and welcoming destination has historically buffered it from severe disruptions, allowing tourism to rebound quickly from prior global crises.

Strategic Distance: Why Thailand and Asia Remain Attractive Amid Gulf Conflicts

Thailand’s geographic distance from the Gulf has consistently positioned it as a safe haven for travelers. Historical patterns demonstrate that while global conflicts trigger temporary hesitation, regions outside the immediate zone often recover quickly once stability appears. For example, during past Gulf crises, initial booking pauses were followed by a rapid rebound in arrivals, as international tourists continued to view Thailand as a reliable, neutral destination.

In the current scenario, travelers may delay their plans slightly or adjust itineraries, but overall interest in Asia and Thailand remains strong. The country benefits from a diverse mix of visitor markets, including Europe, North America, and strong intra-Asian travel flows, ensuring that demand is not solely dependent on one source region. Short-haul travelers from nearby Asian countries, who often prioritize convenience and cost, are particularly less susceptible to distant geopolitical worries, providing a cushion for Thailand’s tourism sector.

Travel Costs and Flight Considerations Amid Rising Oil Prices

One of the first areas affected by geopolitical tensions is air travel. Rising oil prices, possible airspace restrictions, and higher security and insurance costs can increase airline operating expenses. These costs are frequently passed to travelers through higher fares, influencing destination choices for price-conscious tourists.

If energy prices continue to climb or flights are rerouted to avoid conflict zones, long-haul travel to Southeast Asia could experience a temporary slowdown. However, Thailand’s tourism infrastructure, affordability, and reputation for hospitality help mitigate these effects. Travelers planning trips can benefit from booking flexible tickets, monitoring fare changes, and considering alternative airports in the region to navigate potential disruptions smoothly.

Asian Markets Show Measured Responses, With Long-Term Resilience

Financial markets in Asia tend to react cautiously rather than precipitously. While initial volatility is common during geopolitical escalations, structural declines are rare. Regional economies, especially energy importers, may feel pressure from rising oil prices, which can influence inflation and operating costs across sectors including transport, aviation, and hospitality.

For investors, the focus often shifts toward currency stability, supply chain resilience, and central bank responses rather than equities alone. Technology-heavy indices may experience sharper short-term declines due to risk-off sentiment, while industrial and consumer-focused indices remain comparatively stable. Thailand’s economic exposure is largely indirect, with energy costs, transportation, and service industries being the most affected.

Tips for Travelers: Navigating Uncertain Times Without Sacrificing Experience

Even amid global uncertainty, tourism in Thailand and broader Asia remains viable. Travelers can consider the following strategies:

• Flexible Itineraries: Opt for bookings that allow date changes without penalties, especially for international flights.
• Regional Exploration: Focus on short-haul destinations within Southeast Asia to avoid long-haul disruptions.
• Travel Insurance: Ensure coverage includes geopolitical risk and flight cancellations due to external factors.
• Stay Informed: Monitor updates from airlines, embassies, and local authorities for safe travel routes.
• Off-Peak Travel: Visiting popular destinations during off-peak seasons can offer cost savings and a more relaxed experience.

Tourism Fundamentals Keep Thailand Resilient

Thailand’s long-standing tourism resilience is evident in its ability to recover quickly from crises. From financial downturns to natural disasters, the country has consistently demonstrated a swift rebound, often outperforming expectations once conditions stabilize. Its appeal lies in cultural richness, affordable experiences, and reliable hospitality, which continue to attract tourists despite external shocks.

Investors and travelers alike can take confidence from this historical pattern. Even if long-haul arrivals fluctuate slightly, the region’s robust intra-Asian travel flows and Thailand’s reputation as a welcoming destination are likely to sustain tourism momentum.

Market Signals and Energy Price Implications for Travelers

Global conflicts can push oil prices higher, impacting not only aviation costs but also accommodation and transport pricing indirectly. Tourists may notice modest increases in hotel and local travel expenses as energy costs trickle down. Awareness of these dynamics can help visitors plan budgets more effectively, ensuring a smooth and comfortable travel experience.

Meanwhile, monitoring regional market reactions provides insights into longer-term travel trends. Stable tourism hubs like Thailand often benefit from investor confidence in the face of distant crises, supporting continued infrastructure development, flight connectivity, and hospitality services.

Navigating the Travel Landscape: Staying Safe and Informed

Tourists aiming to explore Thailand during times of global tension can maintain peace of mind by following some proactive steps:

• Choose destinations with proven safety records and high traveler ratings.
• Use official tourism and government websites for real-time updates.
• Leverage local travel networks and tour operators for secure and curated experiences.
• Maintain flexible travel budgets to accommodate fluctuating costs.

By staying informed and strategic, travelers can continue to enjoy Thailand’s rich culture, cuisine, and natural beauty without disruption.

Thailand’s Tourism and Asia’s Market Outlook: Enduring Confidence

Despite Gulf tensions, Thailand and Asia remain attractive for tourists and investors. The combination of historical resilience, strong regional connectivity, and a reputation for safety and hospitality ensures that temporary geopolitical disruptions do not translate into long-term setbacks. Travelers and market participants are encouraged to approach decisions thoughtfully, balancing caution with opportunity, as the region continues to welcome visitors and support economic growth.

The ongoing Middle East conflict, ignited by the recent strikes between the U.S. and Israel on Iran and the subsequent retaliatory attacks, has disrupted commercial flights across the region. The United Arab Emirates (UAE), a key international travel hub, has been severely affected by the crisis, with major airports in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah experiencing widespread flight cancellations and delays. This situation has led to significant inconvenience for passengers, with airlines such as FlyDubai, Emirates, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways among those heavily impacted.

Major Airports Affected

The UAE’s international airports have been at the centre of air travel disruptions, with Dubai International Airport (DXB), Zayed International Airport in Abu Dhabi, Sharjah International Airport and Al Maktoum International Airport all experiencing severe flight cancellations and delays.

Dubai International Airport, renowned for handling millions of passengers annually, has reported a staggering 462 flight cancellations and 321 delays today. As the world’s busiest airport in terms of international travel, the airport plays a vital role in connecting global travellers between Europe, Asia and Africa. However, the ongoing regional tensions have significantly hindered airport operations. Airspace closures, particularly over Iran, Iraq and Israel, along with partial restrictions in several Gulf nations, have contributed to the severe disruptions.

Zayed International Airport in Abu Dhabi has also been affected, reporting 62 cancellations and 42 delays. Although not as severe as those at Dubai International, the delays at Zayed International Airport have still led to considerable inconvenience for passengers, especially for those looking to catch flights to and from the UAE capital.

Sharjah International Airport, located in the northern part of the UAE, has seen 23 cancellations and 33 delays today. While the disruptions at Sharjah International Airport are on a smaller scale compared to Dubai’s, the operational impact remains significant.

Al Maktoum International Airport, another key airport in Dubai, has reported 9 cancellations and 14 delays, further contributing to the widespread disruption of travel within the region.

Impacted Airlines

The ongoing airspace restrictions and conflicts have led to the cancellation and delay of numerous flights across a range of international and regional airlines. FlyDubai, Emirates, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways, among others, have been forced to adjust their schedules due to these disruptions.

FlyDubai, a major low-cost airline operating out of Dubai, has been particularly affected, with several inbound and outbound flights cancelled or delayed. In response to the crisis, the airline has prioritised passengers with existing bookings for the limited flights that it is operating. Emirates, one of the largest carriers in the UAE, has also faced significant delays and cancellations. The airline announced it would prioritise passengers with confirmed bookings, but the operational restrictions continue to affect its services.

Etihad Airways, based in Abu Dhabi, has also seen a number of flights cancelled due to the ongoing crisis. Despite the challenges, the airline has indicated that it is working to resume operations as soon as possible, though the airspace closures are making it difficult to predict when full operations will be restored.

Qatar Airways has been similarly affected, with numerous flights cancelled or delayed as a result of the regional airspace restrictions. Other carriers, including Gulf Air, Air India and British Airways, have also experienced disruptions, further compounding the impact on travel in the UAE.

Probable Impact on Tourism

The current crisis and its impact on UAE airports are likely to have long-term repercussions for tourism in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Sharjah. As the country’s tourism sector plays a crucial role in its economy, disruptions to global air travel are likely to be felt across various sectors.

Dubai, in particular, has been a global tourism hub, attracting millions of visitors every year. With its world-class infrastructure, iconic landmarks such as the Burj Khalifa and luxury hotels, the city has become a top destination for both leisure and business travellers. However, the ongoing disruptions at Dubai International Airport could deter tourists from booking flights to the city, especially if the current situation persists.

Abu Dhabi, the UAE’s capital, has also seen a steady increase in tourism over the years, with visitors flocking to its cultural attractions, luxurious resorts and world-class shopping centres. The disruptions at Zayed International Airport are likely to cause a dip in tourist arrivals in the short term, particularly as travel uncertainty grows.

Sharjah, known for its rich cultural heritage, is also likely to be impacted by the disruptions. While not as heavily reliant on tourism as Dubai and Abu Dhabi, Sharjah’s cultural attractions, museums and family-friendly activities make it a popular destination for regional tourists. The ongoing crisis, however, could see a reduction in the number of visitors to the emirate.

The longer the travel disruptions continue, the more likely it is that tourist arrivals will decrease in the affected cities. Increased uncertainty, coupled with the limited availability of flights, could push travellers to reconsider their plans to visit the UAE, at least until air travel operations return to normal.

What Affected Passengers Can Do Now

For passengers stranded due to flight cancellations or delays, there are a few steps that can be taken to mitigate the inconvenience caused by the ongoing disruptions. The first and most important step is to stay in constant contact with the airline. Given the rapidly changing nature of air traffic operations in the region, airlines are likely to provide regular updates regarding flight status and alternative arrangements for passengers.

Passengers are encouraged to visit their airline’s website or mobile app for the latest information on flight cancellations and delays. For those at the airport, it is advisable to check with airline staff or Dubai Airports, Abu Dhabi Airports, or Sharjah International Airport authorities for real-time updates.

In cases of flight cancellations, airlines may offer rebooking options or, in some cases, issue refunds. However, passengers should be prepared for limited availability of flights in the coming days, as airlines adjust their schedules in response to the ongoing airspace restrictions.

Passengers should also be prepared for extended wait times at airports, particularly as passenger volumes increase in the wake of flight cancellations. To minimise the impact, travellers are advised to arrive early, keep essential items with them and remain patient as airport operations continue to adjust.

-The flight information provided is sourced from FlightAware.

The ongoing conflict in the Middle East has created a ripple effect far beyond the region, severely disrupting travel for Muslim pilgrims who have come to Saudi Arabia for the Umrah pilgrimage. Thousands of pilgrims, including those from Indonesia and Malaysia, find themselves stranded in the kingdom, grappling with the uncertainty of their return journey amid heightened security concerns.

Indonesia, home to the largest Muslim population in the world, has been particularly affected. With over 58,000 Indonesian pilgrims currently stuck in Saudi Arabia, many are facing significant challenges as flight disruptions and cancellations have become rampant. The Indonesian government is actively negotiating with Saudi authorities and airlines to alleviate the financial strain on these pilgrims, who are struggling with unexpected hotel bills and the rising costs of extended stays.

Humanitarian Crisis in Saudi Arabia

For the affected pilgrims, this situation is more than just an inconvenience – it is a full-scale humanitarian crisis. Some pilgrims, unable to afford the additional costs of extended hotel stays, have expressed their emotional and financial stress. The Indonesian government, through its Vice Minister for Hajj and Umrah, has advised those still planning to travel to postpone their trips until at least April to ensure their safety.

The government’s response has focused on reducing the financial burden on those stranded, with efforts aimed at securing better terms for flights and hotel stays. The unexpected nature of this situation has left many pilgrims uncertain about when they will be able to return home.

Global Impact Beyond the Middle East

The travel disruptions caused by the conflict have extended far beyond the Middle East, affecting pilgrims traveling to and from countries around the globe. Malaysia has also felt the effects, with over 1,600 Malaysian pilgrims stranded in Saudi Arabia. To assist with this, Malaysia has established a 24-hour operations center in Jeddah to manage the crisis and ensure that all affected citizens are cared for.

In response to the crisis, Malaysia Airlines has resumed limited return flights from Jeddah and Medina, although only for a short period. The country’s foreign ministry is working with diplomatic missions and airlines to facilitate the evacuation of stranded Malaysian pilgrims, helping to ensure that their journey back home is as smooth as possible under the current circumstances.

Emotional Strain on Pilgrims

The emotional toll of these disruptions has been particularly evident among the pilgrims who had planned their journeys for months. Many pilgrims from various nations had planned their Umrah trips around the holy month of Ramadan, a time when spiritual activities are heightened, and religious devotion is at its peak. The travel chaos has taken the focus away from the sacred pilgrimage itself, casting a shadow over what should have been a deeply spiritual journey.

Maged Kholaif, an Egyptian pilgrim, recalled his distress when his flight from Saudi Arabia to Kuwait was canceled as the war began. Left stranded with his wife and mother-in-law, he eventually made the difficult decision to travel overland to Kuwait, where he was finally reunited with his children. This story is one of many that illustrates the chaos that has disrupted this once peaceful journey.

Tourism and Travel Concerns Grow

The broader implications of this crisis also extend to the global tourism and aviation sectors, as airports in the Gulf region serve as crucial transit hubs for travelers heading to Europe, Asia, and Africa. With airports in Saudi Arabia now operating under tense conditions, the effects of this disruption will likely ripple across the globe.

As flight schedules continue to be affected, passengers trying to reach their final destinations are also facing major delays, and some have chosen to cancel their planned trips altogether. Javed Khizer, a U.S. resident, said that after monitoring the escalating situation in the Middle East, he and his family decided to cancel their planned Umrah pilgrimage entirely. This sentiment of caution is shared by many who fear for their safety and wish to avoid further disruption.

Religious Devotion Amid the Chaos

Despite these challenges, some pilgrims have managed to carry on with their spiritual journeys. Majid Mughal, a U.S. citizen, traveled with his family to Saudi Arabia despite the growing tension. They learned about the conflict en route but decided to continue with their pilgrimage after assessing the situation. For Majid and his family, the situation has remained relatively stable, and they continue to focus on their religious rituals while keeping a close eye on flight updates for their return.

As tensions in the Middle East persist, pilgrims like Majid are trying to maintain their focus on the spiritual aspect of their journey, finding solace in the rituals of Umrah despite the surrounding chaos. However, this experience underscores the deep complexities that religious tourism now faces in the face of geopolitical uncertainty.

The Uncertainty of Return

The future of the current travel situation remains uncertain, as the conflict continues to evolve and its effects on global travel remain unpredictable. Pilgrims across the globe are left waiting in uncertainty, hoping that diplomatic efforts and airline cooperation can facilitate their safe return home. The Indonesian and Malaysian governments, among others, are working relentlessly to ensure that their citizens are able to return home safely, but the challenges of the situation are far from over.

As the days unfold, the humanitarian and logistical difficulties will likely persist, as thousands of pilgrims continue to face the emotional and financial strain of being stranded far from home. This situation serves as a reminder of how conflicts in one region of the world can reverberate across the globe, affecting the lives and travel plans of ordinary people.

Conclusion: The Path Ahead

As countries like Indonesia and Malaysia work to manage the effects of this travel disruption, it is clear that the road ahead will be fraught with challenges. The conflict in the Middle East has not only impacted the lives of those directly involved but has also left a significant mark on the global Muslim community. While the uncertainty of returning home continues to loom over thousands of pilgrims, many remain hopeful that the resolution of this crisis will allow them to safely continue their journey back home.

The lasting impact of this crisis on travel and tourism may also prompt a reevaluation of how religious pilgrimages are planned and managed in times of conflict.

Delta Airlines, in response to the conflict in the region, has announced that all flights from New York JFK to Tel Aviv (TLV) through March 22, as well as all flights from Tel Aviv to JFK through March 23, are being cancelled. These cancellations are part of Delta’s efforts to provide a safe flying experience for their customers, as well as their response to the events in the region.

Customers who are impacted by these changes will be notified of their cancelled flights through the Delta App and by the contact details included with their booking, starting March 7. Customers are advised not to wait to receive these notifications, as they are able to book new travel now.

Flexible Rebooking and Travel Waiver for Affected Customers

Delta is offering a travel waiver for all customers with flights to or from Tel Aviv through March 31, allowing them to make flexible changes to their travel plans. Passengers are encouraged to visit the Delta app or delta.com to review rebooking options and make changes to their travel as soon as possible. The travel waiver provides more flexibility, giving customers the ability to reschedule or cancel their travel without incurring additional fees.

This flexibility reflects Delta’s commitment to customer care during challenging times, ensuring that travelers can make adjustments based on their individual circumstances. The waiver also covers flights scheduled for travel to Tel Aviv through the end of the month, providing peace of mind for customers.

Impact on Delta’s Operations

The decision to cancel flights to and from Tel Aviv follows careful consideration of the ongoing conflict and the safety of passengers. Delta has prioritized clear communication with affected customers and is offering easy access to rebooking services to ensure that travelers can adjust their plans quickly and conveniently.

For customers who may not have been directly affected by the cancellations but are still concerned about their travel to or from Tel Aviv, Delta’s flexible approach gives them the ability to modify or postpone their trips without financial penalties.

How to Make Changes to Your Flight

Delta urges customers to take proactive steps by visiting the Delta app or delta.com to check for the latest updates on their bookings. Those affected by the cancellations can choose from several rebooking options and are encouraged to rebook or cancel their flights without penalty. For additional assistance, Delta’s customer support team is available to help guide passengers through the process of making adjustments to their travel plans.

Looking Ahead: Delta’s Commitment to Passenger Safety

While Delta Airlines works to accommodate customers affected by the flight cancellations, the airline remains focused on ensuring the safety and well-being of all its passengers. As the situation in the region evolves, Delta continues to monitor developments closely and will take further action as necessary.

The airline is dedicated to maintaining transparency and clear communication with its passengers, providing updates on any additional changes to its flight schedule. With safety and flexibility as top priorities, Delta is working to ensure that all affected customers are well-supported during this challenging period.

The Future Impact of Delta’s Actions on Air Travel and Cruise Tourism

The current situation also underlines Delta Airlines’ flexibility and willingness to adapt in crisis situations, which will have long-term implications for air travel in the future. By providing waivers for travel, Delta Airlines is setting an example for other airlines on how they should deal with crisis situations, which is vital for air travel.

In the future, when global tourism continues to flourish, it is likely that the adaptability of airlines in dealing with unforeseen circumstances will play an important role in maintaining passengers’ trust in air travel. This situation may also encourage other players in the aviation industry to further improve their crisis management capabilities so that passengers can travel through uncertain situations with more ease.

Image Source: Delta Airlines

As tensions rise in the Middle East, Türkiye continues to attract international travelers with its popular tourist destinations largely unaffected by the ongoing conflict. While regional instability has led to some travel warnings, the country’s major cities and resorts are operating as usual, offering tourists a safe and stable environment. With key attractions, hotels, and restaurants maintaining normal operations, Türkiye remains a viable option for travelers looking to explore its rich culture and history in 2026.

With rising tensions in the Middle East and widespread flight disruptions affecting the region, many travelers scheduled to visit Türkiye may be uncertain about whether to proceed with their plans or rethink their travel arrangements.

The conflict between Israel and the United States, escalating since February 28, has led to retaliatory strikes affecting several neighboring countries, including Türkiye. On March 4, NATO air defenses intercepted a ballistic missile aimed at Turkish airspace, an event that marks the first time a NATO member has been directly affected by the regional conflict. Fortunately, there were no reported casualties or injuries from the incident. Additionally, drones and falling debris have caused damage to popular tourist destinations in cities like Dubai and Cyprus, further disrupting regional travel.

In light of these developments, the U.S. State Department issued a Level 2 Travel Advisory for Türkiye, advising travelers to “exercise increased caution.” This is the same level of advisory given for countries such as Egypt and France. A travel alert issued by the U.S. Embassy in Türkiye on February 28 also indicated that U.S. government personnel have been instructed to avoid traveling to the southeastern provinces of Türkiye, including the consular district of Adana, due to the ongoing regional instability.

The advisory also mentioned that military activities in the Middle East could lead to further disruptions in international travel, including air travel to and from Türkiye. Despite these warnings, most of Türkiye is still considered safe for tourists, particularly well-known vacation spots such as Istanbul, Antalya, Göreme, Ankara, and Bodrum. According to regional travel specialists, the situation in Türkiye, as well as in countries like Egypt and Jordan, is relatively stable.

Travel experts have highlighted that major tourist areas in Türkiye have experienced minimal disruption despite the ongoing conflict. The overall sentiment within the country remains positive, with many regions continuing to operate as usual for international visitors. Popular tourist destinations remain largely unaffected by the situation, and key services, including hotels, restaurants, and attractions, continue to function normally. This stability has allowed travelers to enjoy their visits without significant interruptions, ensuring a smooth experience in most parts of the country.

However, some areas in Türkiye are under heightened security concerns. The U.S. State Department’s advisory places three provinces—Sirnak, Hakkari, and any region within six miles (10 kilometers) of the Syrian border—at a Level 4 “Do Not Travel” warning. This warning is due to the potential risk of terrorist activity, armed conflict, and civil unrest. While these areas are not major tourist destinations, travelers are advised to avoid them and stay updated on the security situation.

For those already planning trips to Türkiye, it’s important to consider how the ongoing situation may affect travel plans. The U.S. State Department has not issued a blanket travel ban to Türkiye, meaning that travel insurance policies are unlikely to cover trip cancellations unless a “Do Not Travel” advisory is issued. If travelers still wish to cancel or postpone their trips, contacting their airline or travel insurance provider is the best course of action. In such cases, travelers may not receive full refunds or compensation for canceled trips, especially if the region remains classified as Level 2.

Should you be affected by flight cancellations or airspace closures, it’s essential to be aware of what your travel insurance policy covers. Many policies offer coverage for situations involving flight disruptions due to airspace closures or security issues. Travelers can check their specific insurance plan details to understand the extent of coverage available and whether they are eligible for compensation or reimbursement.

For those still planning to visit Türkiye, it’s recommended to stay updated on travel advisories from trusted government sources and consult with local tour operators or travel agencies for real-time guidance on the safety of specific areas. While the ongoing conflict has caused some disruption in the region, Türkiye remains a top travel destination for many, with most of the country continuing to offer safe and enjoyable experiences for international visitors.

The escalating Middle East conflict has sent shockwaves through the global tourism and aviation sectors, as significant disruptions in air travel ripple across the region. The sharp rise in tensions, particularly after US and Israeli strikes on Iran, has led to a wave of airspace closures and flight cancellations, severely impacting air traffic hubs such as Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Doha. As a result, major players in the travel industry have seen steep declines in their stock values.

In particular, IndiGo, Ixigo, and other travel-related companies experienced substantial losses, with Ixigo’s shares plummeting by 14% and IndiGo dipping nearly 7%. The ripple effects are expected to last well into March 2026, as airspace restrictions continue to affect airlines, travelers, and tourism-dependent countries across the region.

The Geopolitical Crisis and Its Impact on Air Travel

The turmoil in the Middle East has led to the suspension of numerous flights, especially affecting popular travel hubs like Dubai International Airport, the world’s busiest airport in terms of international passenger traffic. Both Dubai and Abu Dhabi—along with Doha in Qatar—have been operating under severe restrictions as airspace shutdowns extend across the region. With countries like Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) closing their airspaces, airlines have scrambled to adjust, rerouting or grounding numerous flights.

This not only disrupts travel plans but also has a significant ripple effect on tourism in countries that rely heavily on aviation as a source of income, including the UAE, Qatar, and Bahrain.

Increased Strain on Airline Operations and Tourism

Airline operations, particularly those with significant routes across the Middle East, are now under immense pressure. For example, IndiGo, India’s largest airline, has suspended all of its flights to and from the Middle East as a precautionary measure. The airline has also provided customers with increased flexibility, offering full refunds or the opportunity to reschedule flights at no additional cost for those affected by the situation.

For tourism-dependent economies like the UAE, Qatar, and Bahrain, these disruptions come at a time when the region’s travel industry is still trying to recover from the pandemic. The inability to secure consistent flights to and from major international hubs risks harming these nations’ economies. The UAE, for instance, is one of the world’s premier destinations for luxury tourism, hosting millions of international visitors each year.

Stock Market Reaction and Investor Sentiment

The economic fallout from these aviation disruptions has also manifested in the stock market. Shares of companies like Ixigo, IndiGo, and SpiceJet dropped sharply, signaling investor concern over the prolonged impact of the ongoing geopolitical crisis.

Ixigo, a major player in India’s travel tech sector, saw its stock tumble by a striking 14%, reflecting worries over falling travel bookings and a decrease in demand for flight services in the wake of the crisis. Similarly, SpiceJet, another Indian airline, saw a dip of 7% as it also grapples with disruptions in regional air travel and increased operational costs due to flight cancellations and delays.

As tourism stocks falter, analysts predict that the situation will not ease quickly, and companies may have to deal with reduced revenues from international tourism in the coming months. For investors, the lack of visibility and the high uncertainty surrounding fuel costs and travel demand could lead to more market volatility.

Practical Travel Tips for Affected Passengers

With Middle East airspace closures affecting flight routes, travelers should take the following steps to minimize disruptions:

1. Stay Updated: Constantly monitor airline websites and apps for updates on flight status. In the current climate, flight cancellations and delays can occur at short notice, so it is crucial to stay in touch with your airline.
2. Consider Alternative Routes: If your travel plans involve the Middle East, it may be worth considering alternative routes or destinations. For instance, airlines are rerouting flights through neighboring regions that remain open, such as South Asia or Europe.
3. Flexible Booking Options: Many airlines, including IndiGo, SpiceJet, and others, are offering full flexibility and waivers for affected passengers. If you need to reschedule or cancel your flight, ensure you take advantage of these offers.
4. Travel Insurance: Travelers planning to visit the Middle East should ensure they have adequate travel insurance, especially covering cancellations or delays due to political instability or airspace closures.

Looking Ahead: The Long-Term Impact on Middle East Tourism

As the Middle East continues to face air traffic restrictions, the impact on tourism will likely be felt for months to come. Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Doha are among the most visited cities globally, and the tourism sector plays a vital role in sustaining their economies. However, with aviation severely disrupted and geopolitical instability casting a shadow over the region, travelers may be cautious in making future bookings.

To mitigate these effects, regional governments will need to work with airlines to restore flight routes and travel confidence. This could involve more transparent communication with passengers, increased flexibility in booking policies, and incentives to encourage travel once the situation stabilizes.

Broader Implications for Global Travel

The geopolitical crisis in the Middle East not only affects countries in the region but also has global ramifications. Western nations, particularly in Europe and North America, rely on the Middle East for connecting flights and travel routes. As airspace closures and flight cancellations persist, travelers from around the world will need to explore alternate routes, potentially lengthening travel times and increasing the overall cost of flights.

Final Thoughts

While the Middle East conflict continues to shake up the aviation and tourism industries, airlines and travelers are finding ways to adapt. For now, flexibility remains key, both for airlines and passengers, as they navigate through one of the most turbulent periods for international travel in recent years. Tourism destinations that depend on Middle Eastern connectivity may face tough challenges ahead, but with collaborative efforts between governments and airlines, the region may yet be able to restore its position as a prime global travel hub.

In early 2026, the image of Dubai as an untouchable safe haven for luxury travel has been shaken dramatically. As the Iran war has escalated and Gulf states hosting US assets have been drawn closer to the line of fire, the city’s glittering hospitality sector has been pushed into its deepest crisis since the pandemic. Hotel booking systems that once struggled to keep up with demand are now being overwhelmed in a different way, as waves of cancellations and empty rooms have become the new norm.

The wider Gulf region has not escaped this shock. Doha, Abu Dhabi, Manama and other cities that built their brands on seamless connectivity and high‑end stays are also being hit. For travellers who once viewed the Gulf as the safest gateway between Europe, Asia and Africa, the map now looks far more complicated, and the consequences for tourism and aviation are only beginning to be counted.

How far hotel bookings and occupancy have fallen

The severity of the collapse in demand is being illustrated most starkly on Palm Jumeirah and in Downtown Dubai. A Turkish business report, drawing on Dubai and Gulf hospitality sources, indicates that hotels in these prime districts, which had typically been booked months in advance, have now seen occupancy slump to below 20 percent since the Iranian strikes began. What had been one of the tightest luxury hotel markets in the world has, almost overnight, turned into one of the most under‑occupied.

The impact can be seen in the price adjustments at flagship properties. At Waldorf Astoria Palm Jumeirah, rooms that would normally command rates of 400 to 800 USD per night are now being listed at around 255 USD on the hotel’s own website. Park Regis Kris Kin Hotel has reduced its nightly rates from about 236 USD to roughly 76 USD. These reductions are not minor seasonal adjustments; they represent deep cuts intended to stimulate whatever demand still exists.

Similar observations are being reported by Yeni Şafak, which notes that luxury hotels on Palm Jumeirah and in Downtown are operating with occupancy levels below 20 percent and have been forced to slash room rates dramatically following mass cancellations triggered by Iranian missile attacks on Gulf Cooperation Council states hosting US military assets. Meanwhile, large international hotel groups such as Accor, Marriott and IHG are acknowledging region‑wide booking declines, even though precise Dubai‑specific occupancy figures are not yet being published.

For an industry that relies heavily on forward bookings and predictable seasonal patterns, this sudden vacuum in demand is creating severe operational and financial strain. Revenue forecasts are being revised downward, staffing rosters are being trimmed and capital expenditure plans are being put on hold while management teams try to gauge how long the shock will last.

Hotels and destinations most affected

The worst‑hit locations are those that previously symbolised Dubai’s rise as a global luxury destination. Palm Jumeirah, with its iconic crescent of high‑end resorts, has been particularly affected. Fairmont The Palm has featured prominently in coverage after a Shahed‑type drone strike near the hotel produced a large explosion and fire, injuring four people and forcing an evacuation of the property. Even for travellers who were not present, images of smoke and damaged facades from one of the world’s most recognisable man‑made islands have had a strong psychological impact.

Other ultra‑luxury resorts along the Palm, including Waldorf Astoria, are reporting deep rate cuts and extremely low occupancy. What had been a postcard image of carefree beach luxury is now being associated, at least temporarily, with risk and disruption.

In Downtown Dubai and along the Jumeirah coastline, the story has been similar. Burj Al Arab and parts of the Jumeirah beach strip have been described as damaged or affected by debris during at least one of the missile waves. Even where structural damage has been limited or quickly repaired, the symbolism has been powerful. Properties that had positioned themselves as global icons of extravagance are now being discussed in the context of conflict exposure and safety concerns.

Beyond Dubai, the ripple effects are reaching other Gulf and nearby capitals. Travel trade reporting highlights steep drops in bookings in Doha, Abu Dhabi, Manama and Cairo, as travellers rethink multi‑stop Gulf and Eastern Mediterranean itineraries. Packages that once combined city breaks, desert escapes and regional circuits now appear less attractive to risk‑averse tourists.

Economic losses for Dubai tourism and the wider region

While precise, Dubai‑specific loss figures are still being compiled, regional estimates already indicate the scale of the damage. Tourism Economics, in analysis cited by EuroNews and Yahoo Finance in cooperation with the World Travel and Tourism Council, has suggested that the Middle East could record 23 to 38 million fewer international visitors in 2026 than previously forecast. This shortfall is expected to translate into a reduction of between 34 and 56 billion USD in visitor spending across the region.

Reuters has reminded readers that Middle East tourism had been worth about 367 billion USD annually before the latest crisis, and that years of investment in rebranding the Gulf as a safe and stable luxury destination are now being put at risk. Dubai, being one of the region’s most visited urban centres and a major transfer hub, is likely to shoulder a significant portion of these losses.

Analyses focused on the economic impact of the 2026 Iran conflict consistently describe the UAE and Qatar as among the most exposed economies. Dubai, in particular, has been portrayed as facing a form of paralysis in tourism and aviation during the peak period of airspace closures and missile strikes. While no official body has yet released a definitive figure for lost tourism revenue in the emirate alone, it is reasonable to infer that its share of the projected 34 to 56 billion USD regional decline is substantial, given its pre‑eminent role in Gulf travel.

For local businesses heavily dependent on visitor spending—from restaurants and tour companies to luxury retailers and entertainment venues—the shock is being felt immediately. Reduced hotel occupancy and flight volumes flow directly into lower footfall and weaker sales. The knock‑on effects on employment, supply chains and investment confidence are expected to become more visible as the year progresses.

How airlines have responded to Dubai flight reductions

No story about Dubai’s tourism downturn is complete without examining the aviation side. The city’s rise as a destination and hub has been deeply intertwined with the growth of its airlines and its role as a crossroads between continents. When conflict moved closer to the Gulf in 2026, the first reaction involved drastic restrictions on airspace.

During the initial days following the strikes, UAE airspace closures led to the suspension of all scheduled flights to and from Dubai, with similar measures applied to Abu Dhabi. The immediate priority was basic safety: potential missile and drone threats meant that operations were halted while risk assessments and air traffic control procedures were reviewed.

Emirates, the flagship carrier, temporarily suspended operations from Dubai and then began a phased restart. By 6 March, it was reporting 106 daily return flights to 83 destinations, equivalent to around 60 percent of its usual network. Public statements have indicated an aim to return to full capacity in the coming days, although this plan remains conditional on airspace availability and regional security developments.

Foreign airlines, meanwhile, have adopted a range of responses. Lufthansa Group carriers have suspended flights to and from Dubai and Abu Dhabi until at least 10 March and have extended suspensions on routes involving Tel Aviv, Beirut and Tehran. KLM has chosen to avoid Iranian, Iraqi and parts of Gulf airspace and has suspended flights to Dubai, Dammam and Riyadh until 8 March. Low‑cost carrier Wizz Air has paused all flights to and from Israel, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Amman and Saudi Arabia through at least 7 March.

Other major carriers such as Air France, Air Canada and Turkish Airlines have either suspended operations or significantly altered schedules and routings while they monitor the evolving situation. Combined, these changes have left tens of thousands of passengers stranded, disrupted or forced to reroute via alternative hubs. For the global travel industry, the level of disruption has been compared with early stages of the Covid‑19 pandemic, although the drivers this time are geopolitical and security‑related rather than health‑based.

Recovery timeline predictions for Dubai hotels

When hoteliers and analysts look beyond the immediate crisis, the picture that emerges is one of uncertainty and cautious scenario planning rather than firm forecasts. Tourism Economics has emphasised that shifts in visitor sentiment are likely to outlast the period of active hostilities. Even if missile strikes and airspace closures diminish, travellers may take longer to regain confidence in the region’s safety.

Analysts quoted by Reuters and Skift have cautioned that if the conflict proves prolonged, or if further strikes occur near high‑profile tourism zones, the impact on hotel investment returns could extend over several years. Dubai, Doha and Riyadh are seen as especially vulnerable in this respect, because they have invested heavily in premium urban hospitality assets aimed at international guests.

Dubai’s own tourism authorities have stressed that visitor safety remains the highest priority. Hotels are being encouraged to look after affected guests, assist with itinerary changes, relocations and cancellations, and draw upon crisis‑management playbooks refined during previous shocks such as the pandemic. However, no official recovery date or timeline has been offered.

From the available commentary, an emerging consensus can be inferred:

• In the very short term, spanning a few weeks, occupancy and room rates are expected to remain severely depressed. Airlines are still in the process of rebuilding schedules, and many travellers prefer to wait for clarity before making new bookings.
• Over the short to medium term, covering several months, a gradual return of leisure demand from certain regions may be possible, provided that no further major strikes hit Dubai directly. Aggressive discounting, flexible policies and targeted marketing could encourage some visitors back, but corporate and high‑end segments, which are more sensitive to risk assessments and insurance considerations, may see a slower recovery.
• Over a longer horizon of one to three years, the path back to pre‑war growth trajectories will depend heavily on the Gulf’s ability to re‑establish its image as a safe and stable environment. Repeated security incidents would push that horizon further into the future.

At this stage, no credible organisation is committing to a specific month or year in which full recovery of the hotel sector can be expected. Instead, multiple scenarios are being explored, each contingent on the course of events both within and beyond the region.

Gulf cities most impacted by Iranian strikes

The direct impact of Iranian strikes has not been evenly distributed across the region. Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates, has been targeted or affected in at least one wave involving drones or missiles, with confirmed damage near Fairmont The Palm and disruption at Dubai International Airport. The combination of physical damage, disrupted operations and prominent media coverage has put Dubai at the centre of global attention.

Abu Dhabi has also been affected, with its airports and urban areas experiencing airspace closures and some degree of infrastructure disruption. However, fewer instances of direct hotel damage have been publicly documented there compared with Dubai.

Doha in Qatar, Manama in Bahrain and Kuwait City in Kuwait have been highlighted by outlets such as Al Jazeera as states that host US assets and have either been struck or threatened during Iran’s retaliation. This has led to heightened perceptions of risk and has contributed to travel cancellations and weaker forward bookings.

Tel Aviv and other Israeli cities are directly embroiled in the broader conflict, with tourism effectively collapsing and flights heavily curtailed. Beyond the Gulf itself, ballistic missile launches toward Türkiye and other parts of the wider region have broadened the geographic scope of perceived danger and added an extra layer of complexity for travellers planning multi‑country itineraries.

Within the Gulf specifically, Dubai, Doha and Abu Dhabi stand out as the most visible tourism casualties. Their strong dependence on international visitors, combined with their status as major hub airports, means that shocks to aviation and security perceptions translate quickly and sharply into declines in arrivals and occupancy.

Safety measures and guidance for tourists in Dubai

In the face of this disruption, authorities in the UAE and Dubai have been attempting to manage risk and reassure both residents and visitors. The General Civil Aviation Authority has implemented what it describes as exceptional operations to move stranded passengers safely. Only a limited number of flights are being allowed during periods of heightened alert, and those that operate are subject to enhanced safety checks and routing protocols.

On the ground, Dubai authorities have carried out evacuations at affected sites such as parts of Palm Jumeirah and other impacted zones. City‑level advisories urge residents and tourists to stay away from damaged areas, follow instructions from police and civil defence forces and keep abreast of official updates regarding possible curfews or restricted zones.

From a tourism perspective, Dubai’s tourism office has reaffirmed that safety is the overriding concern. Hotels have been advised to support guests with changes to their plans, offer flexible options where possible and apply crisis‑tested procedures for communication and assistance.

Practical guidance for travellers is being issued through airlines, consulates and government channels. Passengers are being encouraged to check flight status frequently before leaving for the airport, register with their embassies, pay close attention to travel advisories and ensure that their bookings and insurance arrangements provide some protection against conflict‑related disruptions.

All these measures suggest that, while elements of normal travel have resumed, the environment remains fragile. The combination of aggressive hotel discounting, partial restoration of flight schedules and ongoing security concerns means that the road to stability is likely to be uneven and dependent on factors beyond the tourism sector’s direct control.

Amid the ongoing geopolitical unrest in the Middle East, Egypt stands out as a beacon of stability for travelers seeking a safe escape. Despite the heightened tensions from the US-Israel conflict with Iran, Egypt remains one of the few destinations in the region offering a secure environment for tourism. With its rich history, iconic landmarks, and luxury resorts, Egypt combines unmatched cultural allure with strong security measures, making it a reliable choice for those looking to explore ancient wonders like the Pyramids of Giza and the temples of Luxor while enjoying modern amenities in a safe setting.

Egypt: A Safe Destination Amid Middle East Tensions, According to US State Department

Amid rising geopolitical tensions and the ongoing US-Israel conflict with Iran, Egypt has been highlighted as one of the safest and most stable travel destinations in the Middle East. The US Department of State recently issued an advisory that positions Egypt as a reliable option for tourists seeking assurance in a region where many destinations have been affected by political unrest. Egypt’s classification as a Level 2 destination, which advises travelers to “Exercise Increased Caution,” reflects the country’s relative stability, especially when compared to other nations in the region facing stricter advisories.

Egypt’s Standing as a Safe Destination

According to the latest advisory, Egypt is categorized under Level 2, which suggests that although there are certain risks such as terrorism and crime, it is still considered a safe and accessible destination for international visitors. This rating places Egypt in a favorable light amidst the turbulence gripping the Middle East. Many other nations in the region, including some that border Egypt, are subject to “Reconsider Travel” or “Do Not Travel” warnings due to escalating tensions and violence.

This distinction emphasizes Egypt’s ongoing efforts to provide a secure environment for tourists, even as neighboring countries struggle with instability. The US Department of State’s advisory confirms that Egypt remains a viable option for those looking to visit the Middle East during uncertain times.

Key Tourist Areas Continue to Welcome Visitors

Popular tourist destinations throughout Egypt, including Cairo, Luxor, Sharm el-Sheikh, and Hurghada, remain open and welcoming to international travelers. These destinations are well-known for their ancient history, cultural landmarks, and luxurious resorts, attracting millions of visitors each year. Despite the surrounding geopolitical uncertainties, these areas have been prioritized for safety, allowing travelers to explore Egypt’s famed historical wonders, such as the Pyramids of Giza, the Valley of the Kings, and the temples of Luxor.

The Egyptian government has heavily invested in security measures across major tourist sites and resorts to ensure the safety of visitors. Enhanced surveillance, well-trained security personnel, and sophisticated infrastructure have contributed to the overall safety and appeal of Egypt as a tourist destination. These efforts are part of the country’s broader strategy to restore and grow its tourism sector, which plays a pivotal role in Egypt’s economy.

Areas to Avoid and Security Concerns

While Egypt’s major tourist hubs are considered safe, certain regions remain high-risk and should be avoided. The US Department of State has issued a Level 4 “Do Not Travel” advisory for parts of the Sinai Peninsula and areas along Egypt’s western border, citing terrorism threats and limited consular services. Travelers are strongly advised to avoid these areas, as they present higher security risks.

Additionally, visitors are cautioned against attending large political gatherings and demonstrations, as these could escalate into unpredictable situations. While Egypt’s key tourist locations are well-guarded, the political climate in the country could occasionally shift, making it important for travelers to stay informed and exercise caution in public spaces. Authorities recommend staying vigilant in crowded tourist spots and remaining aware of local developments.

The Impact of Regional Instability on Travel

The broader Middle East region continues to grapple with instability, largely due to the ongoing military actions between the United States, Israel, and Iran. These geopolitical tensions have had a significant impact on international travel, with various countries imposing airspace restrictions and canceling or rerouting flights. Despite these disruptions, Egypt’s airspace and international airports have remained largely unaffected, allowing flights to continue operating smoothly.

This operational stability is a crucial factor in Egypt’s appeal as a safe travel destination during times of uncertainty. While air travel and tourism in some parts of the region have been severely disrupted, Egypt’s ability to maintain open air routes and functional airport operations highlights its resilience and importance in global tourism.

Travel Recommendations for Those Visiting Egypt

For travelers planning to visit Egypt amid the current regional tensions, several safety precautions should be taken. Travelers are urged to:

1. Stay Updated on Travel Advisories: Keep an eye on official travel advisories and embassy alerts for any changes in security situations or flight disruptions.
2. Avoid High-Risk Areas: Stay clear of areas like the Sinai Peninsula, where travel is strongly discouraged due to the ongoing security threat.
3. Stay Vigilant: Exercise caution in crowded tourist areas, especially in busy cities and popular attractions.
4. Register with Embassies: Many embassies offer traveler registration programs that can provide crucial information and emergency notifications.

By following these guidelines, visitors can enjoy Egypt’s unique cultural and historical experiences while ensuring their safety.

Egypt’s Tourism Sector Gaining Momentum

In the wake of recent instability in the Middle East, Egypt has emerged as one of the few stable destinations for international tourists. The country’s tourism sector has long been a key driver of its economy, and the government’s investment in enhancing security at airports, historical sites, and resorts is starting to pay off. The relative stability of Egypt’s key tourism areas is likely to boost its appeal further, particularly when compared to other destinations in the region that remain under higher security threats.

Notably, Egypt’s government continues to promote its ancient heritage and natural beauty as part of its broader tourism strategy. The Nile River, the Pyramids of Giza, and the resorts of the Red Sea have long been central to Egypt’s identity as a tourism hotspot, and recent efforts to secure these locations have helped bolster traveler confidence.

Conclusion: Egypt Offers Stability Amid Middle East Tensions

As the Middle East faces heightened geopolitical risks, Egypt has managed to maintain its position as a safe and stable destination for travelers. With most of its major tourist attractions remaining open and secure, Egypt continues to offer a unique blend of ancient history, vibrant culture, and modern luxury resorts. The country’s efforts to improve security infrastructure and maintain operational air routes further reinforce its status as one of the safest destinations in the region.

For many travelers seeking reassurance in these uncertain times, Egypt presents an opportunity to experience one of the world’s most historically rich cultures while enjoying modern conveniences. Despite the ongoing regional tensions, Egypt’s relatively stable security environment ensures that it remains a top choice for those seeking adventure, relaxation, and cultural exploration in the Middle East.

The global representative organisation for professional footballers, FIFPRO, has urged governing bodies responsible for the 2026 Women’s Asian Football Confederation Cup to protect the Iran national team after they were labelled “wartime traitors” by an Iranian state ‌television presenter.

Both FIFA, world football’s governing body, and the AFC have been called upon to “undertake all necessary steps to ensure the safety of Iran’s Women’s National Team players”.

The Iran women’s national football team players did not sing their national anthem before their Asian Cup opener against South Korea in Australia earlier ⁠this week.

Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting presenter Mohammad Reza Shahbazi said in a video that the players showed a lack of patriotism and their actions amounted to the “pinnacle of dishonour” in footage circulating widely on social media.

“Let me ⁠just say one thing: traitors during wartime ⁠must be dealt with more severely,” Shahbazi said.

“Anyone who takes a step against the country under war conditions must be dealt with more severely. Like this matter of ⁠our women’s football team not singing the national anthem … these people must be dealt with more ⁠severely.”

In a statement released on the social media platform X, FIFPRO released a strong and lengthy statement outlining its concerns.

“In addition to the dangerous situation the players would face if they return to Iran following the tournament, FIFPRO Asia/Oceania is deeply concerned by reports that Iranian state television has publicly attacked the members of the team for remaining silent during the national anthem before their opening match,” the statement read.

“Footage circulating online shows Mohammad Reza Shahbazi, a state TV presenter, calling for them to face the ‘stigma of dishonour and betrayal’.

“These statements significantly heighten concerns for the players’ safety should they return to Iran after the tournament.

“FIFPRO Asia/Oceania has once again written to the AFC and FIFA, calling on them to uphold their human rights obligations under the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and FIFA’s Human Rights Policy and protect the players.

“We call on the AFC and FIFA to urgently engage with the Iranian Football Association, the Australian Government and all other relevant authorities to ensure that every effort is made to protect the safety of the players.”

The Iranian players stood in silence when Iran’s anthem was played at the Gold Coast ahead of their 3-0 opening loss to South ‌Korea on Monday, though they sang and saluted before a 4-0 defeat by hosts Australia three days later.

The Reuters news agency has contacted both the Asian Football Confederation, the Iranian football federation and the team at the Asian Cup for comment.

Ahead of their game against Australia, Iran forward Sara Didar fought ‌back tears and spoke about the war, while coach Marziyeh Jafari said her players were doing their best to focus on the ‌tournament ‌despite concern for their families back home.

Iran face the Philippines on Sunday in their final group match.

In the wake of the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, Thailand has stepped up with a remarkable move to support tourists unable to leave the country. This decision comes as the Southeast Asian nation faces significant challenges in its tourism sector, which had already seen a downturn in 2025. As the conflict disrupts global travel, Thailand’s government is offering financial relief to affected tourists, alongside waiving visa overstay fees, marking a crucial gesture to aid those stranded. The initiative reflects Thailand’s dedication to supporting the tourism industry, a vital pillar of its economy, especially as it grapples with travel disruptions.

Thailand’s Tourism Sector Faces Setbacks in 2025

For the first time in four years, Thailand’s tourism traffic saw a decrease in 2025. This decline was a significant blow to the country, which has long relied on its tourism sector as a primary revenue source. As global tensions rise, with the Middle East conflict creating widespread uncertainty, Thailand’s tourism industry is facing additional pressure. Tourism receipts were expected to recover in 2026, but ongoing disruptions continue to challenge these forecasts.

The decrease in visitors from key markets, especially the Middle East, has placed Thailand in a precarious position. As a result, the government’s relief efforts aim not only to support the immediate needs of stranded tourists but also to stabilize the tourism sector in the long run.

Financial Aid and Visa Relief: A Lifeline for Stranded Tourists

In response to the mounting challenges, the Thai government has introduced financial support for tourists who find themselves unable to leave the country due to the conflict. While exact figures for the financial relief have not been disclosed, the government’s commitment to covering critical expenses like accommodation and transport will provide much-needed assistance. This initiative is expected to ease the burdens of those caught in the crisis and ensure they have access to essential services until they can make arrangements to return home.

Moreover, Thailand’s decision to waive visa overstays is a significant step. For many tourists, the rising tension in the Middle East led to abrupt flight cancellations, leaving them stranded without a clear path forward. By offering an extension without additional financial penalties, Thailand ensures that tourists do not face further stress during this period of uncertainty.

Tourism Tips for Stranded Travelers in Thailand

While the financial relief provides some reassurance, there are practical considerations for tourists stuck in Thailand. Below are some essential tips for stranded travelers:

1. Stay Updated on Travel Restrictions: Keep a close eye on government announcements regarding the resumption of flights and airspace reopening. Thailand’s tourism boards often provide updated information, which can be crucial for making alternate travel plans.
2. Explore Local Destinations: If your return flight is delayed for a significant period, consider exploring more of Thailand’s rich cultural offerings. Destinations like Bangkok, Chiang Mai, and Phuket offer diverse experiences for travelers interested in culture, history, and leisure.
3. Consider Travel Insurance: Travelers who have not yet purchased travel insurance should consider doing so if possible. This can cover unexpected costs related to extended stays and disruptions.
4. Utilize the Government Relief: Ensure you register for any available relief programs through tourism authorities to access support for accommodation, food, and transport.
5. Visa Extensions and Updates: If you’re uncertain about your visa situation, visit the nearest immigration office to confirm your eligibility for the visa waiver extension.

Thailand’s Commitment to Reviving Tourism Amid Global Crisis

The relief measures are part of Thailand’s larger strategy to revive its tourism industry. With global travel patterns shifting, countries like Thailand are focused on not only accommodating tourists in times of crisis but also promoting long-term sustainability in tourism. Beyond immediate financial relief, Thailand’s efforts are part of a broader movement to restore its global reputation as a top-tier tourist destination.

As the Middle East conflict continues to affect travel patterns, many countries are evaluating how they can support stranded tourists and bolster their tourism industries. Thailand’s approach stands as a model of proactive support for the tourism sector, demonstrating the nation’s resilience in adapting to unforeseen global events.

A Shift Toward Sustainable and Crisis-Resilient Tourism

While these relief efforts address immediate concerns, there is also an emerging focus on creating a sustainable tourism model that can weather global crises more effectively. In the wake of the disruptions caused by the Middle East conflict, Thailand is likely to focus on initiatives that promote long-term recovery by diversifying its tourism offerings and making the sector more crisis-resilient. This includes bolstering infrastructure, enhancing travel flexibility, and promoting domestic tourism as a way to reduce dependency on international visitors during global disruptions.

Looking Ahead: Recovery and Stability for Thailand’s Tourism Sector

Thailand’s tourism sector is at a crossroads. With the government’s financial relief and visa waivers for stranded tourists, the nation is taking decisive steps to stabilize a vital industry. As global travel returns to normalcy, Thailand’s ability to recover from these challenges will depend not only on external factors like geopolitical stability but also on the strategic investments it makes to support sustainable tourism growth.

In a proactive move, Vietnam has officially suspended all tour packages to Middle Eastern destinations, including Israel and Iran, as rising tensions and violent conflicts dominate the region. This significant travel advisory comes as part of the country’s commitment to ensuring the safety and well-being of its citizens amid increasing security concerns in these countries. Tourists planning to visit the Middle East should stay informed about the evolving situation, as this suspension marks a critical step by the government in addressing the dangers posed by ongoing military confrontations.

What Prompted Vietnam’s Bold Decision?

As the Middle East grapples with escalating violence, particularly between Israel and Iran, Vietnam’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs has issued a stern directive. Citing heightened risks for travelers, the government has urged all Vietnamese travel agencies to cease booking tours to the affected regions immediately. This precautionary action follows the growing instability in parts of the Middle East, where armed conflicts have disrupted daily life and posed serious threats to foreign visitors.

The move to suspend travel to these zones is part of a broader strategy by the Vietnamese government to prioritize the safety of its citizens abroad. Officials have emphasized that this decision is not meant to be a permanent ban but a temporary measure in response to the current security climate.

Which Destinations Are Affected by the Suspension?

The suspension of tours covers several countries in the Middle East, with a focus on areas directly impacted by ongoing military actions. Key countries affected include:

• Israel
• Iran
• Other neighboring Middle Eastern countries experiencing heightened instability

This ban applies primarily to organized tour groups, and independent travelers are strongly advised to reconsider their plans to visit these regions until the situation stabilizes. Vietnam’s travel advisory underscores the importance of adhering to government guidance in such unpredictable circumstances.

Vietnamese Government’s Travel Advisory

Vietnam’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a clear advisory to all citizens planning to travel to the Middle East, advising against non-essential trips. The advisory emphasizes that travelers should exercise extreme caution if they must visit areas under military conflict. Moreover, the government has urged Vietnamese nationals currently in the region to stay in touch with the Vietnamese embassy or consulate for updated safety information and evacuation assistance if necessary.

In addition to these warnings, Vietnam’s tourism authorities have proactively contacted travel agencies and instructed them to halt all tour bookings to the affected areas. This decision aims to prevent potential tragedies and ensure that Vietnamese tourists do not find themselves in unsafe environments.

Impact on Vietnam’s Travel Industry

While the suspension of tours to the Middle East may affect some travel businesses, it is seen as a necessary step to maintain national safety standards. Tour operators specializing in Middle Eastern destinations are expected to face challenges, particularly those offering travel packages to high-demand spots like Israel and Iran. In light of the suspension, agencies are pivoting to alternative destinations that promise similar cultural experiences but are not impacted by regional instability.

For tourists who had already booked trips to the Middle East, Vietnam’s tourism authorities have recommended that they reconsider their travel plans and seek refunds or alternative arrangements. With the government providing direct support to repatriate any Vietnamese citizens currently in the Middle East, the priority remains to return tourists safely to their home country.

What Are the Safety Measures in Place?

The Vietnamese government has taken immediate action to protect its citizens, including enhanced monitoring of flights and travel advisories. Agencies and airlines are coordinating to ensure that anyone affected by the suspension can alter their plans without facing excessive penalties. For those already abroad, the embassy is offering emergency services, including emergency flights back to Vietnam if necessary.

Moreover, travel insurance companies in Vietnam are working to accommodate claims for canceled trips, providing much-needed financial relief for travelers whose vacation plans have been disrupted by the suspension.

Travel Tips for Tourists Concerned About Middle Eastern Destinations

For those who had planned to visit the Middle East, here are a few travel tips:

1. Check Travel Updates Regularly: Stay updated with official government travel advisories.
2. Consult Your Travel Agency: Work with your travel agent to explore alternative destinations or arrange a refund.
3. Review Your Travel Insurance: Make sure your policy covers cancellations related to safety concerns.
4. Plan for Future Trips: If the Middle East remains on your travel radar, consider postponing your visit until tensions subside.
5. Stay in Touch with Diplomatic Missions: If you’re already in the region, keep close contact with your local embassy for updates on your safety.

Looking Ahead: When Will the Suspension End?

At present, the Vietnamese government has not provided a specific timeline for when tours to the Middle East will be resumed. However, the situation remains fluid, and officials have indicated that the suspension will be reassessed based on the security developments in the region. Travelers interested in visiting Israel, Iran, and surrounding areas are advised to monitor updates from both the Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and international news sources to gauge when it will be safe to plan trips again.

As the situation continues to evolve, all travelers must stay informed and prioritize their safety above all else. While this disruption is unfortunate for the travel industry, the Vietnamese government’s decision to put its citizens’ well-being first is a testament to its commitment to public safety.

How This Affects Other Countries

Vietnam’s suspension may influence other nations as well. Several countries in Southeast Asia are likely to follow suit if the security situation worsens. The ripple effect of this decision may lead to similar travel restrictions from neighboring nations, altering the travel landscape for the Middle East, at least in the short term. Travelers planning to visit the region should keep an eye on developments from their respective governments.

This unprecedented decision is a reminder of how quickly travel plans can change in response to geopolitical instability. For now, the best course of action is to stay vigilant, explore safer alternatives, and stay connected with travel advisories from trusted authorities.

As the ongoing conflict in the Middle East casts a long shadow over global travel, Thailand’s tourism sector faces significant challenges in 2026. Tourism experts predict a notable decline in long-haul market arrivals, a setback that could affect both tourist spending and overall economic growth.

With the recent escalation in the Middle East, including airspace closures and flight disruptions, travel to far-flung destinations, including Thailand, is being deterred. The Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) had initially projected around 11.6 million arrivals from long-haul markets for 2026, with a total of 36.7 million tourists expected overall. However, the unfolding crisis suggests that these ambitious targets may not be met.

Sanga Ruangwattanakul, president of the Khao San Road Business Association, expressed concerns that tourism in Thailand, particularly in the Khao San Road area, could face an even more severe dip than experienced in the previous year. The Middle East conflict, with its ripple effects on oil prices and airfares, is compounding the challenges that Thailand’s tourism sector already faces.

Impact on Tourism Arrivals: A Significant Slowdown Expected

Thailand’s long-haul tourism markets, which include major regions like Europe and the US, are expected to see a marked reduction in visitors due to the rising cost of travel. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz by Iran, a vital maritime passage for global shipping, has sparked fears of rising energy prices. This, coupled with inflation, is driving up travel costs, including airfares, making it increasingly difficult for long-haul travelers to afford trips to distant destinations.

The impact is particularly evident in the Thai tourism industry, where a significant proportion of visitors come from Europe, the US, and the Middle East. Mr. Sanga noted that higher oil prices are pushing up inflation, which in turn is driving up airfare costs. As a result, many tourists may opt for shorter trips closer to home rather than long-haul flights to Thailand.

In particular, the Songkran holiday, a key period for European visitors, may see fewer arrivals. Historically, European tourists flock to Thailand during this time to partake in the vibrant celebrations, but with the Middle East conflict still unresolved, the number of visitors could fall drastically. Around 80% of the visitors to Khao San Road during Songkran are typically European, with the remaining percentage coming from Asia.

Tourism Operators Adjust to Flight Disruptions and Economic Uncertainty

Tourism operators in Thailand are already feeling the effects of these disruptions. Morrakot Kuldilok, president of the Thai Hotels Association’s eastern chapter, reported that many visitors from long-haul destinations are choosing to postpone rather than cancel their trips. In places like Pattaya, which traditionally sees a significant number of long-haul visitors, the short-term impact has been less severe as travelers from India, China, and Russia are still able to reach Thailand via direct flights.

However, operators are increasingly concerned about the medium- to long-term impacts of the conflict. With rising operating costs due to higher electricity, oil, and food prices, the overall cost of running tourism businesses in Thailand is rising. If the economic slowdown persists, the demand for tourism from long-haul markets may weaken even further, especially during Thailand’s high season.

Ms. Morrakot emphasized that long-haul travelers, who typically stay for extended periods, also tend to spend more during their visits. A reduction in European tourists could, therefore, lead to a decrease in average spending per visitor, which would affect local businesses that rely on foreign spending. Long-haul visitors account for about 40% of the tourism traffic in Pattaya during the high season, a significant portion of total arrivals.

Thailand’s Strategy to Mitigate the Impact

Recognizing the need for swift action, the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) has already begun implementing strategies to counterbalance the fallout from the conflict. In the short term, the TAT is encouraging domestic tourism to help offset potential declines in international visitors. By promoting local holidays and encouraging Thai nationals to travel within the country, the TAT hopes to stimulate demand and support local businesses.

In the longer term, Thailand is positioning itself to become a major aviation hub, with plans to expand direct flight routes to the country. The TAT also sees an opportunity to boost Thailand’s medical tourism sector by attracting tourists from conflict-affected regions who may seek a peaceful escape. These efforts aim to diversify the sources of tourism and reduce Thailand’s reliance on long-haul markets.

The Shift Toward Regional Markets and Diversification

As the global tourism landscape shifts in response to the Middle East conflict, Thailand is exploring new avenues for growth. While long-haul markets are projected to decline, regional markets, particularly from China, are expected to continue their growth trajectory. China’s recent economic rebound has made it an increasingly important source of visitors to Thailand, and the TAT is focusing on expanding outreach to these markets.

In addition, Thailand is looking to diversify its tourism offerings to cater to a broader range of travelers. For instance, the country is seeking to develop niche markets such as eco-tourism, wellness tourism, and cultural tourism, which could attract visitors from both nearby regions and long-haul markets. The TAT is also keen on increasing Thailand’s presence in global tourism fairs and promoting its attractions through digital platforms.

Despite the challenges posed by the ongoing conflict, Thailand’s tourism industry remains resilient. However, industry leaders agree that adaptation and flexibility will be key to weathering the storm and ensuring long-term sustainability. By shifting focus to more diverse markets and enhancing its tourism infrastructure, Thailand hopes to mitigate the impact of the crisis and remain a top destination for global travelers.

Conclusion: A Changing Landscape for Thailand’s Tourism Industry

The ongoing conflict in the Middle East presents a significant challenge to Thailand’s tourism industry, particularly in terms of long-haul market arrivals. Rising oil prices, flight disruptions, and economic uncertainty have made international travel more expensive and less accessible, which may discourage potential tourists from visiting Thailand in 2026.

While the immediate impact has not been as severe in places like Pattaya, tourism experts warn that the longer-term effects could be more pronounced. To mitigate these challenges, Thailand’s tourism sector is focusing on diversifying its offerings, attracting visitors from regional markets, and promoting domestic tourism. With the right strategies in place, Thailand aims to sustain its tourism industry and continue to thrive in an increasingly unpredictable global travel market.

A dire situation has unfolded for UK cruise passengers who are now stranded in the Gulf region, unable to depart their ships due to escalating tensions in the Middle East. The chaos began after missile strikes, triggered by a US-led assault on Iran, impacted several countries, including the UAE. The missile attacks have sent shockwaves throughout the region, with cruise liners in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Doha unable to set sail, leaving hundreds of passengers, including Britons, trapped aboard.

The conflict has caused a ripple effect across the travel industry, disrupting cruises and other forms of transportation. As of now, over 130,000 Britons have registered as stranded in the Gulf region, creating an overwhelming crisis for the UK government and travel agencies alike. The passengers, who were enjoying their holidays in the region, now find themselves caught in a terrifying ordeal, awaiting evacuation or further instructions. This unprecedented situation has created a desperate need for urgent action as the region’s safety continues to deteriorate.

Cruise Ship Chaos as Iran’s Threats Loom Large

As the conflict intensifies, the cruise ships affected by the missile strikes have been forced to stay docked at various ports in the Middle East. Several ships, including the MSC Euribia and TUI’s Mein Schiff 5, have been rendered unable to navigate the Strait of Hormuz, a vital sea passage linking the Gulf of Oman to the open ocean. Iran has issued a stern warning, stating that it will not allow any ships to pass through the strait during the ongoing hostilities, further complicating the situation.

Iran’s threat to “burn every ship” has left many passengers aboard the vessels in a state of panic, with reports of loud explosions and missile interceptions echoing through the air. Onboard, passengers have been advised to stay inside for their safety, as the situation continues to unfold. For some, these warnings have only added to their anxiety, as they try to make sense of the chaotic circumstances.

The passengers aboard these cruise ships were expecting to continue their voyages to destinations like Europe, but with the escalating conflict, the possibility of reaching these destinations remains uncertain. As the days pass, passengers continue to wait, uncertain of when they will be able to return home.

Evacuations Underway as UK Government Responds

In response to the growing crisis, the UK government has been working diligently to organize evacuation flights for Britons trapped in the Middle East. As of March 4, 2026, the first repatriation flights from Dubai have begun, with more expected to follow. These flights are a crucial lifeline for those stranded, particularly for the elderly, vulnerable passengers, and those with urgent medical needs.

The UK Foreign Office is working around the clock to coordinate the evacuation of its citizens, with a focus on ensuring that as many individuals as possible are safely brought home. In addition to flights, the UK government has deployed specialized teams to assist in the evacuation process, including medical personnel and consular staff.

As the evacuations begin, many passengers are feeling a mixture of relief and apprehension. The disruption to their travel plans is a stark reminder of the instability in the region and the unpredictability of international travel in times of conflict.

The MSC Euribia and Other Stranded Ships

The MSC Euribia, one of the ships caught in the middle of this crisis, had originally been scheduled to continue its journey through the Middle East before heading to Europe. However, due to the ongoing hostilities, the vessel has been forced to remain in Dubai, with no clear timeline for when it will be able to resume its journey. Passengers aboard the ship have been subjected to constant updates and emergency alerts, instructing them to seek shelter and stay inside for their safety.

A passenger on board the MSC Euribia shared their experience in a Facebook group for the cruise liner, describing the terrifying sounds of explosions as missiles were intercepted. They reported that the ship remained anchored in Dubai as of March 4, with passengers being told to stay put for the time being. Despite the calm on the surface, the threat of further missile strikes looms large, making it impossible for passengers to leave the ship.

In addition to the MSC Euribia, other vessels, including the Celestyal Discovery and Celestyal Journey, have also been stranded in the region. These ships are unable to navigate the Strait of Hormuz, further compounding the confusion and fear felt by passengers.

TUI and MSC Cruises Respond to the Crisis

TUI Cruises, one of the major cruise operators affected by the situation, has confirmed that several of its ships are currently docked in ports across the Middle East. The company has stated that it is closely monitoring the situation and has taken necessary precautions to ensure the safety of its passengers. In one example, 218 passengers from the Mein Schiff 4 have already been evacuated via a special Emirates flight to Munich, highlighting the ongoing efforts to get stranded travelers back home.

MSC Cruises has also confirmed that it is keeping its passengers on board until the hostilities subside and it is safe to resume travel. The cruise company has reassured families and friends that they are in constant contact with local authorities and will continue to follow the official guidance provided by the relevant governments and safety agencies.

A Desperate Situation for Stranded Britons

The situation for the stranded Britons aboard these cruise ships is becoming increasingly dire. Many passengers are grappling with the uncertainty of when they will be able to return to the UK or resume their planned vacations. The emotional toll of the situation has been amplified by the constant threat of missile strikes, making it impossible for passengers to relax or feel secure.

One woman from Scotland, Lesley Ballantyne, shared her harrowing experience after receiving an emergency alert on her phone instructing her to seek immediate shelter. She described hearing loud bangs and witnessing missile interceptions nearby as the ship remained anchored in Dubai. As of now, she and her husband are still stranded aboard the MSC Euribia, unsure of when they will be able to return home safely.

The ongoing crisis in the Middle East is a harsh reminder of how quickly travel plans can be disrupted by unforeseen events. The passengers on these cruise ships are now living through an unimaginable ordeal, relying on the UK government and cruise lines to get them to safety.

Conclusion: A Travel Crisis of Unprecedented Proportions

As the Middle East conflict rages on, the crisis for stranded Britons continues to unfold. Thousands of passengers remain trapped on cruise ships, unable to leave their vessels or travel to their intended destinations. With missile strikes and the threat of further violence disrupting the region, the situation remains precarious.

The UK government is working tirelessly to evacuate its citizens, but with the conflict showing no signs of abating, the challenges facing these travelers are far from over. For now, passengers are left to wait, hoping for a resolution to the crisis that will allow them to return home safely.

The intensifying US-Israel-Iran confrontation during the first week of March 2026 is causing a significant disruption to the worldwide hotel and aviation environment. Movement across major Gulf hubs has been essentially stopped by the geopolitical uncertainty caused by military operations and subsequent retaliatory attacks. Dubai International Airport, which is regarded as the busiest international airport in the world, has reportedly been placed in a state of almost complete halt. The regional skies, which were formerly a vibrant conduit for East-West transit, are now mainly restricted, and thousands of aircraft paths have been cut. Aviation specialists are characterizing this development as the largest aviation catastrophe in the region since COVID-19, with far-reaching effects outside of the immediate conflict zones.

Iconic Landmarks and Shaken Traveler Confidence

The symbolic heart of the region’s luxury sector has not been spared from the physical realities of the hostilities. Significant alarm was generated following reports of damage to high-profile landmarks, most notably the Burj Al Arab. It is documented that debris from an intercepted drone caused a fire on the outer facade of the world-famous sail-shaped hotel, an incident that was quickly contained by emergency services but has nonetheless resulted in a chilling effect on traveler confidence. This strike on a global icon of opulence serves as a stark reminder of the vulnerability of civilian infrastructure during active conflict. While the Burj Khalifa and other Downtown Dubai structures remain operational, the proximity of military activity has led to a widespread reassessment of safety among international visitors.

The Multibillion-Dollar Financial Freefall

Economic forecasts for the remainder of 2026 have been drastically revised as a multibillion-dollar industry faces the prospect of a sustained downturn. Analysts from organizations such as Tourism Economics have suggested that the region could see a staggering $34–$56 billion drop in visitor spending over the coming months. This potential loss represents a sharp reversal from the growth projections issued just months prior. The financial hemorrhaging is further compounded by the massive logistical costs associated with airlines grounding flights and the subsequent need to provide care for tens of thousands of passengers stranded at various transit points. The economic ripples are being felt in every sector, from luxury retail to the massive desert safari and excursions market, which have seen a near-total cessation of new bookings.

The Great Shift Toward European Sanctuaries

As the security situation in the Middle East remains fluid, a significant realignment of global travel patterns is being recorded. A sharp rise in cancellations for UAE vacation rentals and hotel stays has been noted, as tourists seek safer alternatives for their spring and summer holidays. This has resulted in a marked shift in demand toward European destinations such as Portugal, Italy, and Greece. These Mediterranean markets are being viewed as secure havens, absorbing the traffic that was originally destined for the Gulf. Large-scale travel companies, including Ryanair and TUI, have reported volatile demand and a surge in bookings for Western European routes, even as they navigate the operational complexities of avoiding restricted airspace in the East.

Stranded Travelers and the Scramble for the Exit

The human element of the crisis is defined by a dichotomy of reactions among those currently in the region. Reports indicate that a large segment of the foreign population is scrambling to leave, with repatriation flights being organized by various governments to evacuate their nationals from hubs like Dubai and Abu Dhabi. These efforts are often hampered by the limited availability of safe air corridors. Conversely, a surprising level of composure is being maintained by some long-term residents and tourists who have chosen to remain, continuing their activities in areas further removed from the immediate strikes. Despite this, the overwhelming narrative remains one of urgency, as families and business travelers alike attempt to navigate the most complex logistical challenge of the decade.

Airlines Struggle with a Growing Aviation Crisis

The operational burden on the world’s leading carriers has reached a breaking point. It is reported that over 19,000 flights to and from the Middle East have been cancelled since the start of the escalation. Major entities like Emirates, Etihad, and Qatar Airways are engaged in a massive effort to rebook passengers while their primary hubs face intermittent closures. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz to commercial shipping has further shifted the burden onto air cargo, which is also facing severe constraints. As the U.S.-Israel–Iran conflict shows no signs of immediate de-escalation, the aviation industry is bracing for a long-term restructuring of flight paths, which will likely result in increased fuel costs and longer travel times for years to come.

The global aviation landscape has been plunged into an unprecedented state of turmoil following the commencement of significant military activity. As of 28 February 2026, the initiation of Operation Epic Fury by the United States and Israel has triggered a massive wave of flight disruptions and safety concerns. This strategic military campaign, which targeted various infrastructures within Iran, was met with swift Iranian retaliatory attacks, creating a highly volatile environment for commercial aviation. Consequently, the closure of major airspace across a multitude of sovereign territories has been enforced, effectively severing one of the most vital air corridors connecting the East and the West.

The No-Fly Zone Nightmare: Why Millions of Travelers are Currently Stranded!

The scale of the logistical collapse is highlighted by the fact that more than 12,000 canceled flights have been recorded in the days following the initial strikes. Significant portions of the sky over Iran, Iraq, Israel, Qatar, the UAE, Bahrain, and several neighboring nations have been declared off-limits to civilian traffic. This massive airspace closure has forced a complete cessation of operations at some of the world’s busiest transit hubs. It is reported that the United States government travel warnings have been elevated to their highest levels, advising all citizens to avoid the region entirely as the security situation continues to deteriorate.

Abandoned at the Gate: The Shocking Reality of the World’s Busiest Hubs!

Major international gateways, including Dubai International Airport, Hamad International Airport in Doha, and Zayed International Airport in Abu Dhabi, have seen their departure boards turn entirely red. It has been confirmed that leading carriers such as Emirates, Qatar Airways, and Etihad were forced into suspending operations to ensure the safety of passengers and crew. This halt has resulted in a staggering number of stranded passengers across the globe, many of whom were caught mid-journey during the sudden escalation. In response, intensive evacuation efforts and repatriation flights are being coordinated by various embassies, though the backlog of travelers remains a significant hurdle.

Your Money Back? The Surprising Truth About Your Rights During This War!

For those caught in the crossfire of cancellations, the question of passenger rights regarding cancellations and refunds has become a primary concern. Under international aviation guidelines, travelers are typically entitled to full refunds or rebookings when a flight is canceled by the carrier, even in the event of regional conflict. However, many airlines are currently overwhelmed by the sheer volume of inquiries, leading to lengthy delays in processing. It is emphasized by legal experts that while the conflict is classified as an extraordinary circumstance, the obligation of the airline to provide duty of care, including meals and accommodation for those waiting in transit, remains a critical requirement.

The Global Ripple Effect: How This Middle East Crisis Is Ruining Travel Everywhere!

The consequences of this military engagement extend far beyond the borders of the immediate conflict zone. A significant global ripple effect is being felt across the entire international aviation network. Because the affected region serves as a central bridge for routes between Europe, Asia, and Australia, aircraft are being forced to undertake lengthy detours. These rerouted paths, often traversing southern Saudi Arabia or northern Turkey, add several hours to flight times and significantly increase fuel consumption. The resulting strain on global airline schedules has led to knock-on delays in cities as far-reaching as London, Singapore, and New York, proving that the stability of Middle Eastern skies is essential for the world’s mobility.

Survival of the Skies: Can International Aviation Recover From This Massive Blow?

As the military situation remains fluid, the long-term impact on the industry is being closely monitored by analysts. The Flight Plan 2030 objectives of various regional carriers are being tested by this sudden shift in geopolitical stability. Strategic reserves and contingency routes are being utilized to maintain some semblance of connectivity, but the sheer density of the 12,000 canceled flights suggests a recovery period that could last weeks or even months. Formal narratives provided by aviation authorities suggest that until a sustained de-escalation is achieved, the corridors over the Middle East will remain a high-risk zone, leaving the future of summer travel in 2026 hanging in the balance.

Among the wide-ranging ramifications of the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, Iran’s participation in the FIFA World Cup 2026 has become a key talking point, with the tournament less than 100 days away.

The global sporting event will be co-hosted by Canada, Mexico and the United States from June 11 to July 19, with Iran among the 48 nations expected to travel to North America at least a week prior to the opening game.

US President Donald Trump says he doesn’t care if Iran participates in the World Cup or not.

“I think Iran is a very badly defeated country. They’re running on fumes,” Trump told the American news site Politico on Tuesday.

The US and Israel launched attacks on Iran on Saturday that have killed at least 1,045 people, including its Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, and sparked a regional conflict that has spread to 12 countries.

Tehran responded by launching waves of missiles and drones at Israel and towards several military bases in the Middle East where US forces operate.

Following the escalations, Iran’s spot at the World Cup has come under question, and officials from the Iranian football federation and FIFA have been noncommittal on the world’s 20th-ranked football nation’s participation.

“After this attack, we cannot be expected to look forward to the World Cup with hope,” Mehdi Taj, president of the Football Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran (FFIRI), told local sports portal Varzesh3 on Sunday.

Uncharted territory

A leading expert on sports and geopolitics believes that Iran’s participation in the tournament is in serious doubt amid an armed conflict between one of the host nations and a participant.

“Ultimately, the diplomatic solution [will be] that Iran itself just steps aside and withdraws from the tournament,” Simon Chadwick, a professor of Afro-Eurasian sport at the Emlyon Business School in Shanghai, told Al Jazeera.

Chadwick said it’s “very difficult” to see the US allowing players, backroom staff and officials to enter the country.

“The US will not be keen to admit [Iranian] players, officials or medics – who normally travel alongside teams to tournaments.

“Given that they [Iran] are going to have to play their games in the US, I find it unlikely that they will be there.”

Despite the logistical quagmire and its unlikely resolution in a timely manner, Chadwick said withdrawal will not be an easy option for Iran, who will think “very long and hard before walking away”.

The last time a team pulled out of a FIFA World Cup due to political reasons was in 1950, when Argentina withdrew, citing disagreements with the Brazilian Football Confederation.

“We are in uncharted territory here,” Chadwick explained.

“We tend to associate boycotts and countries not participating in sport mega-events with the Olympic Games, where mass boycotts were seen in 1980 and 1984 during the Cold War.

“Typically, that doesn’t tend to happen in World Cups.”

Chadwick, who has written several books on the economy and politics of sport, believes the impact of withdrawal will not just be political, but also financial.

“On the one hand, we are living in very complex and sensitive times, and arguably there are reasons for a country either to withdraw or be banned,” he said.

“But we’re [also] living in highly commercial times, and the financial consequences of unilaterally walking away from what is arguably the world’s biggest sport mega event is an act of self-harm. We also don’t know how FIFA might react if a nation were to unilaterally walk away from its qualifying spot.”

Can sport diplomacy save the World Cup?

Despite the tournament being spread across three host nations, all of Iran’s matches are allocated to venues on the US West Coast.

This could largely be due to the presence of a sizeable Iranian community, especially in Los Angeles, where Team Melli will play two of their three Group G games.

According to Chadwick, had Iran been playing games in Canada or Mexico, the team could have swayed their decision to participate. But the organisers are unlikely to move the games out of the US now.

“It would be extremely unusual to take games to another country to accommodate one particular country, particularly when the president of FIFA and the president of the US seem to be very close,” he said, adding, “the relationship between the US and Canada, and the US and Mexico is somewhat complicated, too.”

While FIFA hasn’t made a clear statement on the issue, its Secretary-General Mattias Grafstrom has said the world football governing body is monitoring the conflict and the situation emerging from it.

“We had a meeting today, and it is premature to comment in detail, but we will monitor developments around all issues around the world,” he said last week.

With the tournament a little more than three months away, FIFA said it will “continue to communicate with the host governments”.

Chadwick believes that FIFA will try to avoid an outcome where Iran is excluded, as it would cause a logistical headache and set the wrong precedent.

“What we’re more likely to see is sport diplomacy really kicking in,” he predicted.

“The last thing that FIFA will want is for a country to be excluded or simply not turn up because that does set precedent and puts pressure on FIFA.”

‘Sport’s cold war’

With the conflict raging on for the fifth day and spreading further across the Middle East, it is unclear when the Iranian football officials will take a call on sending their team to the US.

However, if Iran does opt to withdraw from the World Cup, it could lead to a sporting crisis.

Chadwick thinks the consequences could be wide-ranging and long-term.

“Politically, it would perhaps take us towards a new sports cold war, and what I find very interesting is that Russian President Vladimir Putin and Russia have been toying with the idea of creating a sports world championship called the Peace Games, that looks like the Olympic Games and sounds like the Olympic Games but it’s not the Olympic Games.

“And Russia managed to recruit over 70 countries to participate in that sports event.”

Such an event could find support from Iran, should it be left with no choice but to withdraw from the World Cup. It may even lead to the creation of a tournament similar to it, according to Chadwick.

“It’s not inconceivable that at some stage in the future, countries could create their own equivalent of a football World Cup, especially with FIFA being an organisation established by Europeans, having its headquarters in Europe, and its presidents typically being European.”

“Some countries may take this as an opportunity to think about alternative ways of staging global football competitions – almost like a football cold war.”

Despite the current scenario and the conflict’s expansion in the past few days, Chadwick believes organisers and leaders could still find a way to include Iran in the World Cup.

“If, at the end of the conflict, a new Iran emerges – in which big apparel companies can sell their products without sanctions or broadcasters can win big contracts – then the World Cup could play a role in building that diplomacy between the US and Iran, as well as reintegrating Iran into the international community.”

In the midst of the escalating conflict in the Middle East, sparked by tensions between Iran, the US, and Israel, Gulf nations are stepping up to secure their positions as global tourism hubs. Saudi Arabia joins UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, and Oman, is taking coordinated actions to safeguard the tourism industry from the impact of regional instability. These countries have quickly implemented emergency support measures for stranded tourists, reinforced their tourism infrastructure, and maintained vital regional travel connections. Their swift responses—ranging from repatriation flights and visa extensions to allocating hotel rooms for displaced visitors—highlight their commitment to ensuring the safety and well-being of international travellers. By collaborating within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) framework, these nations are not only addressing immediate travel disruptions but also reinforcing their long-term resilience as premier travel destinations. These efforts help mitigate the short-term effects of the ongoing crisis and signal to the global community that, even in times of geopolitical uncertainty, the Gulf remains steadfast in its dedication to delivering exceptional and secure tourism experiences.

UAE’s Leadership in Crisis Management

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been proactive in handling the tourism disruptions caused by the escalating conflict in the Middle East. Dubai and Abu Dhabi have introduced emergency support programmes for tourists stranded due to airspace restrictions. The UAE authorities have organised special repatriation flights to assist over 20,000 affected passengers, helping them return home safely. Additionally, the government has extended visa and accommodation support to those unable to leave, demonstrating their commitment to ensuring the safety and well-being of tourists.

Through collaboration with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the UAE has been working to establish emergency air corridors, allowing for the safe movement of stranded travellers. The government’s swift and efficient response has helped to reinforce the UAE’s reputation as a resilient and dependable travel destination even during times of uncertainty.

Saudi Arabia’s Commitment to Hospitality

Saudi Arabia has also responded decisively to the ongoing crisis, reinforcing its role as a prominent player in the global tourism industry. In a move to support both local and international visitors, King Salman issued a directive to allocate 2,500 fully equipped hotel rooms in Makkah, ensuring that tourists and citizens stranded by flight disruptions have a safe place to stay. This act of hospitality reaffirms the country’s commitment to providing a safe and dignified tourism experience, even in the face of geopolitical instability.

The Saudi government has also undertaken significant efforts to secure its tourism infrastructure, collaborating with neighbouring Gulf countries to maintain vital travel connections within the region.

Qatar, Kuwait, and Bahrain: Strengthening Regional Connectivity

Qatar, as part of its ongoing economic diversification away from oil dependence, has invested heavily in boosting regional connectivity, particularly for tourism. Despite disruptions caused by the crisis, Qatar has pledged to continue supporting seamless travel within the Gulf region. The country’s well-established international airport infrastructure has been vital in assisting affected passengers. Moreover, Qatar has reiterated its commitment to international visitors, ensuring the continuity of tourism despite the geopolitical challenges.

Similarly, Kuwait and Bahrain have focused on preserving regional cooperation and connectivity. Despite facing the immediate effects of airspace and travel disruptions, both nations have worked with their GCC counterparts to ensure that secure travel corridors remain operational. Their collective response is crucial in minimizing the adverse impact of the ongoing conflict on global tourism.

Oman’s Diplomatic Support

Oman, though less affected by the direct fallout of the crisis, has played a significant role in diplomatic efforts within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The Omani government has consistently stressed the importance of tourism continuity and has worked with other GCC states to navigate the crisis collaboratively. By focusing on diplomacy and regional cooperation, Oman continues to be a stabilising force in the Gulf, offering a safe haven for tourists seeking respite from the political instability in the region.

Coordinated Efforts Across the Gulf

Together, these Gulf nations have displayed an exceptional level of coordination and commitment to tourism continuity. By prioritising visitor safety, extending hospitality provisions, and supporting infrastructure resilience, the region is demonstrating that it can withstand geopolitical instability without compromising the quality and security of its tourism offerings. The efforts to manage the crisis include enhanced support systems for stranded travellers, coordinated diplomatic responses, and the safeguarding of vital travel connections across the region.

This collaborative approach not only secures the short-term stability of Gulf tourism but also reinforces the long-term vision of the region as a global leader in the travel and hospitality sector. With such swift and efficient actions, Gulf countries are sending a clear message to the international community that even in times of crisis, they remain committed to providing top-notch experiences for travellers from around the world.

Conclusion: A Coordinated Action

In response to the ongoing crisis in the Middle East, Saudi Arabia, alongside UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, and Oman, has taken proactive and coordinated actions to secure their spots as world-class tourism hubs. Despite the disruptions caused by geopolitical tensions, these Gulf nations have demonstrated resilience by ensuring the safety of tourists, providing emergency accommodation, and maintaining seamless travel connectivity across the region. Saudi Arabia, with initiatives like providing 2,500 hotel rooms for stranded travellers, has reinforced its commitment to hospitality. Meanwhile, UAE has coordinated special repatriation flights and supported thousands of passengers, while Qatar and other Gulf states have continued their investments in regional connectivity. Oman has focused on diplomatic efforts to maintain stability within the GCC. Through these collaborative measures, Gulf countries have proven their capacity to withstand regional instability without compromising on tourism quality. Their unified actions during this crisis reinforce their long-term vision as leaders in global tourism. Even amidst turmoil, the Gulf nations’ commitment to maintaining a secure and welcoming environment for international travellers underscores their resilience and leadership in the tourism industry.

The global tourism landscape has been significantly impacted by the recent escalation of regional tensions in the Middle East, leading to proactive measures by popular destinations. It has been observed that both the Maldives and Thailand have initiated special protocols to assist stranded tourists who are unable to return home due to the disruption of international flight paths. These measures are being implemented to ensure that the safety and well-being of international travelers remain a top priority while geopolitical uncertainties persist. Through the relaxation of visa regulations, a more supportive environment is being cultivated for those caught in the crossfire of aviation closures.

Strategic Response to Airspace Disruptions

The decision to adjust immigration policies was prompted by the sudden closure of various air corridors across the Gulf region. As missiles and defensive operations were launched, multiple airlines were forced to cancel flights or reroute aircraft, leaving thousands of passengers without immediate transport options. In response to this logistical crisis, the governments of the Maldives and Thailand took the initiative to soften their usually stringent immigration requirements.

It is understood that the primary goal of these changes is to alleviate the stress placed on visitors who find themselves unable to depart through no fault of their own. Rather than facing penalties or legal complications for overstaying their original permits, these individuals are being offered streamlined paths to legality. The hospitality sectors in both nations have been encouraged to collaborate with authorities to identify affected guests and facilitate their continued stay under these revised conditions.

Implementation of Extended Stays in the Maldives

In the Maldives, a nation heavily reliant on the seamless flow of international tourism, specific directives have been issued to the Department of Immigration. It has been mandated that tourists currently in the country who are affected by the suspension of flights to Middle Eastern hubs will be granted extensions. These extensions are intended to cover the period until commercial flights are safely resumed and regular schedules are restored.

The process for obtaining these extensions has been simplified to ensure that the burden on the traveler is minimized. It is reported that resort management teams and guesthouse operators are being utilized as intermediaries to assist guests with the necessary paperwork. By allowing these stay extensions, the Maldivian government is demonstrating a commitment to the “Sunny Side of Life” philosophy, ensuring that a geopolitical crisis does not translate into a negative experience for those visiting the archipelago. Furthermore, the financial strain of unexpected stays is being acknowledged, with calls for the local tourism industry to offer flexible rates for those in need of temporary refuge.

Thailand’s Proactive Visa Policy Adjustments

Similarly, Thailand has recognized the necessity of supporting the international community during this period of unrest. The Thai Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in conjunction with the Immigration Bureau, has indicated that special consideration is being given to citizens of countries directly impacted by the conflict, as well as those whose transit routes have been severed. A formal mechanism has been established where tourists can apply for short-term stay extensions based on the current force majeure situation.

This approach is seen as a vital step in maintaining Thailand’s reputation as a welcoming and safe destination for global explorers. The passive nature of these visa grants means that the usual rigorous interview processes and high fees are being bypassed or significantly reduced for the duration of the emergency. It is noted that the Thai authorities are monitoring the situation in the Middle East daily, with the intention of adjusting the window of these visa easements as the security climate evolves.

The Role of Aviation and Airline Coordination

The necessity for these visa changes is deeply tied to the status of the aviation industry. Major carriers such as Emirates, Qatar Airways, and Etihad, which serve as the primary links between Asia and the West, have had to navigate restricted skies. Because so many tourists use these Gulf-based airlines to reach the Maldives and Thailand, the grounding of fleets has created a massive backlog of passengers.

It has been emphasized by industry experts that without the intervention of the Maldivian and Thai governments, a humanitarian and legal dilemma would have unfolded. By coordinating with airlines, immigration officials are able to verify which passengers are truly stranded and which are seeking to exploit the situation. This data-driven approach ensures that the relief is targeted specifically toward those whose travel plans were legitimately disrupted by the closure of Middle Eastern airspace.

Impact on the Global Tourism Economy

The broader implications of these policy shifts extend beyond simple administrative convenience. There is a clear understanding that the stability of the global tourism economy depends on the perceived safety and fairness of host nations. When countries like the Maldives and Thailand show flexibility during times of international crisis, it strengthens the trust between the traveler and the destination.

The economic impact of the Gulf tensions is being felt worldwide, yet the proactive stance taken by these Asian hubs serves to mitigate potential long-term damage. By ensuring that tourists are not penalized for global events, these nations are protecting their future tourism revenue. It is anticipated that other nations may follow this example should the tensions in the Middle East continue to affect international shipping and flight routes.

Ensuring Traveler Safety and Peace of Mind

The psychological comfort provided to travelers by these measures cannot be overstated. Being stranded in a foreign country during a time of war or regional conflict can be a source of immense anxiety. Through the official announcement of visa easements, the fear of legal repercussions for overstaying is removed from the equation.

The narrative provided by the authorities focuses on the humanitarian aspect of the situation. It is argued that the duty of care for a host nation extends to ensuring that guests have a legal right to remain until their safe passage can be guaranteed. This formal yet compassionate approach is being lauded by international travel organizations as a model for crisis management in the modern era.

Conclusion and Future Outlook

As the situation in the Middle East remains fluid, the commitment of the Maldives and Thailand to their international guests remains steadfast. The visa rules are expected to stay in a state of relaxation until such a time that the major transit hubs in the Gulf are fully operational and safe for commercial traffic.

Monitoring of the situation continues at the highest levels of government. The collaboration between immigration departments, tourism boards, and international airlines is being maintained to ensure that no traveler is left without options. These efforts highlight the interconnectedness of the modern world and the necessity for flexible governance in the face of unpredictable global events. Through these actions, the Maldives and Thailand are not only hosting tourists but are actively protecting the integrity of international travel during a period of significant geopolitical challenge.

An extraordinary situation has unfolded in early 2026. Years of tourism investment across the Gulf Cooperation Council countries produced record growth: official data show over 72.2 million international tourists in 2024 and about US$120.2 billion in tourism revenue[1] supported by around 1.7 million workers[1]. In Saudi Arabia the number of tourism facilities reached 5 622 by the third quarter of 2025[2]. Such achievements signalled the region’s emergence as a travel hub. However, a sudden escalation between Iran and Gulf neighbours has shaken confidence. The GCC Ministerial Council reported that Iranian missiles and drones struck civilian facilities in multiple member states starting on 28 February 2026[3]. This crisis now threatens to undermine years of investment.

Gulf tourism boom fuelled by record investments

Before the conflict the Gulf enjoyed a tourism boom. The GCC Statistical Center recorded 72.2 million inbound tourists across the six countries in 2024, up 51.5 percent from 2019[1]. Revenue reached US$120.2 billion, a 39.6 percent increase over 2019[1], and the sector employed around 1.7 million workers with employment expanding 14.5 percent since 2019[1]. These workers included hundreds of thousands of nationals and expatriates, indicating broad labour participation. Saudi Arabia reported that hotel room occupancy averaged 49.1 percent in the third quarter of 2025 and that 5 622 tourism facilities were operating, an increase of 40.6 percent year‑on‑year[2]. Additional detail from the Saudi statistics showed that average stays were 4.1 nights and that the workforce included about 24.3 percent Saudi nationals, 75.7 percent non‑Saudi employees and 13.3 percent women[2]. Dubai’s tourism department recorded 5.31 million overnight visitors in the first quarter of 2025, up 3 percent[4]. Oman’s three‑ to five‑star hotels welcomed 1 895 159 guests by October 2025, generating revenues close to OMR 184 million and achieving occupancy of around 58 percent. These indicators illustrate how heavy investment in hotels, attractions and infrastructure diversified economies beyond hydrocarbons and created a sizeable labour market.

Joint vision: GCC tourism ministers and Doha 2026

The Gulf states have long pursued joint tourism strategies. At the ninth GCC Ministers of Tourism meeting in Kuwait on 18 February 2025, ministers agreed to strengthen cooperation in promotion, infrastructure, training and statistics[5]. The agenda included plans for unified marketing campaigns, shared data platforms and joint tourism education programmes that would raise service standards across the region. A proposal for a unified tourist visa was also discussed to facilitate travel within the bloc, although implementation details remain under development. Later that year the ministers named Doha the GCC Tourism Capital 2026. A Qatar Tourism release highlighted that the designation was unanimously approved to promote cooperation and sustainable development[6]. Qatar’s advanced infrastructure, including the Hamad International Airport, an extensive airline network, a metro system and flexible visa policies, was cited as evidence of readiness[6]. The ministers expected the choice to stimulate investment and create opportunities for projects in other Gulf states[6]. The initiative aligned with diversification strategies and was expected to encourage private‑sector participation. This momentum, however, now faces a geopolitical test.

Iranian aggression and Gulf unity

At the end of February 2026, the Gulf’s geopolitical balance was disrupted by Iranian missile and drone attacks. The GCC Ministerial Council convened an extraordinary meeting on 1 March 2026 to respond. The official statement said that missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles were launched at Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar and Kuwait, causing damage to civilian infrastructure and threatening lives[3]. It noted that the attacks spread fear among residents and visitors and risked escalation. Foreign ministers condemned the aggression and affirmed that any attack on one member would be considered an attack on all[7]. They emphasised solidarity and reserved the legal right to respond[7]. The statement also stressed the importance of protecting regional waterways and supply chains[7], highlighting that maritime routes carry energy supplies and goods vital to the global economy. By linking security to global trade, the council underscored that destabilisation could have worldwide repercussions. This episode marks a serious challenge for the Gulf tourism sector by undermining the confidence built through years of collaboration and investment.

Travel chaos: advisories and disruptions

The security crisis quickly triggered travel advisories and disrupted movements. On 1 March 2026 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bhutan warned citizens to avoid the Middle East because airspace closures had stranded travellers[8]. Several countries had suspended flights, leaving passengers unable to return home[8]. Bhutanese nationals were told to postpone trips and rely on official updates[8]. The Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs reported on 2 March 2026 that regional conflict made travel unsafe and unpredictable[9]. Dutch authorities organised repatriation flights from Oman and estimated that about 1 000 Dutch travellers were stranded[10]. Travellers were advised to follow local guidance and register with consular services[10]. The U.S. Department of State maintained a Level 4 advisory for Iran in December 2025, citing terrorism, civil unrest, kidnapping and detention risks[11]. The advisory stressed that no U.S. Embassy operates in Iran and that consular help is unavailable[11]. Such warnings highlight how geopolitics can disrupt tourism and underscore the role of government communication.

Impact on investment and infrastructure

The conflict threatens to undermine decades of investment in Gulf tourism infrastructure. Billions have been spent on airports, hotels and attractions and the sector was gearing up for large events and global exhibitions. Saudi Arabia’s expansion of tourism facilities by 40.6 percent in the third quarter of 2025[2] shows how rapidly capacity has grown. Occupancy rates below 60 percent leave room for growth but also expose vulnerability: if travellers stay away, thousands of beds could remain empty and revenues may plummet. Oman’s hotels hosted 1 895 159 guests by October 2025, with revenues near OMR 184 million and occupancy around 58 percent, demonstrating reliance on steady visitor flows. Dubai’s 5.31 million overnight visitors in the first quarter of 2025[4] illustrate the city’s global appeal but also highlight exposure to disruption. Qatar’s Hamad International Airport and Doha Metro, central to the Tourism Capital 2026 initiative[6], face similar risks. Investor confidence could wane if the crisis persists, slowing diversification and affecting related sectors such as retail, aviation and real estate. The synergy between tourism and hospitality supply chains means that a decline in visitors could affect suppliers, event organisers and transport companies across the region. This risk underlines the importance of maintaining stability.

Resilience and adaptation measures

Despite the crisis the Gulf states have demonstrated resilience. The GCC Ministerial Council affirmed solidarity and the right to defend member states[7], reassuring investors and tourists. Governments activated emergency communication systems: on 3 March 2026 Qatar’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs urged citizens abroad to download an app and register details to facilitate contact[12] and advised those needing consular help to contact diplomatic missions[12]. Such measures support travellers and build confidence by ensuring that citizens can receive instructions quickly. Long‑term diversification plans are also central to resilience. The designation of Doha 2026 places sustainability and cultural tourism at the heart of development[6]. Saudi Arabia has invested in training programmes for hospitality workers and aims to increase the share of women in the tourism workforce[2]. The 2025 statistics showed that women already accounted for 13.3 percent of tourism employees[2], and further initiatives aim to raise this proportion. Human capital development and digital transformation projects are expected to improve service quality and efficiency, making the sector more adaptable. These initiatives, however, depend on de‑escalation and continued investment in safety, communication and capacity building.

Category‑wise summary table

Conclusion

The Gulf region’s tourism sector has achieved spectacular growth through coordinated investment, modern infrastructure and unified strategies. Official data shows a massive expansion in visitor numbers, revenues and employment[1]. Yet this progress now faces an existential threat from the Iranian conflict. Missile and drone attacks on several Gulf states, condemned by the GCC Ministerial Council, have shaken confidence and prompted a wave of travel advisories[3]. Governments such as Bhutan, the Netherlands and the United States have warned citizens to avoid the region and have undertaken repatriation flights[8][10]. These disruptions expose the vulnerability of a sector reliant on stable geopolitics and highlight how tourism is entwined with security. The Gulf states’ response has emphasised solidarity, emergency communication and long‑term diversification. Diplomatic efforts, including engagement with Iran and international partners, will be critical to restoring stability. Continued investment in safety, workforce development and sustainable infrastructure remains essential. Whether the region can sustain its tourism boom amid insecurity will depend on effective diplomacy, the resilience of infrastructure and the capacity to adapt to shocks. The stakes are high: decades of effort to transform the Gulf into a global tourism hub are now balanced against a volatile security environment. Investors, governments and travellers will be watching closely as the region confronts this challenge, and the lessons learned may influence tourism strategies worldwide.

Sources:

[1] Tourism_statistics_20241.pdf
https://gccstat.org/images/gccstat/docman/publications/Tourism_statistics_20241.pdf
[2] GASTAT: Publishes Tourism Establishments Statistics for Q3 of 2025
https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/w/news/152
[3] [7] Statement Issued by the 50th Extraordinary Meeting of the Ministerial Council of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Regarding the Iranian Aggression Against the GCC
https://www.gcc-sg.org/en/MediaCenter/News/Pages/news2026-3-1-2.aspx
[4] Tourism Performance Report January – March 2025
https://www.dubaidet.gov.ae/en/research-and-insights/tourism-performance-report-march-2025
[5] Saudi Minister of Tourism Attends the 9th GCC Tourism Ministers Meeting in Kuwait
https://www.spa.gov.sa/en/N2264791
[6] Doha Named 2026 : GCC Tourism Capital | Qatar Tourism
https://www.qatartourism.com/en/news-and-media/press-releases/doha-named-2026—gcc-tourism-capital
[8] – Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade
https://www.mfa.gov.bt/%F0%9D%90%93%F0%9D%90%91%F0%9D%90%80%F0%9D%90%95%F0%9D%90%84%F0%9D%90%8B-%F0%9D%90%80%F0%9D%90%83%F0%9D%90%95%F0%9D%90%88%F0%9D%90%92%F0%9D%90%8E%F0%9D%90%91%F0%9D%90%98/
[9] [10] Situation Middle East: updates from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs | Weblogs | Government.nl
https://www.government.nl/latest/weblogs/the-work-of-the-ministry-of-foreign-affairs/2026/situation-middle-east-news
[11] Iran Travel Advisory | Travel.State.gov
https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/travel-advisories/iran.html
[12] Qatar news agency
https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details